西安市某三甲医院颅脑创伤住院患者特征分析  

Epidemiological analysis of traumatic brain injury treated in third grade hospitals in Xi＇ an

作　　者：马锦华[1] 高静[1] 王珊珊[2] 刘喜文[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学护理系,西安710032 [2]第四军医大学西京医院

出　　处：《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》2016年第9期858-861,共4页China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨西安市某三甲医院颅脑创伤（traumatic braininjury，TBI）发生的规律及其临床特点。方法回顾分析2014年1～12月陕西省西安市唐都医院TBI住院患者的临床资料。结果分析了317例，男女患者之比为3．53：l；平均年龄为（42．98±20．08）岁；农民为TBI最高发病人群；致伤原因中交通事故发生率最高（44．48％），受伤者主要为步行者或骑助动车者（分别为10．73％和11．67％）；TBI发生的高峰时间为1、4、5月，1d内7：00-8：00、12：00为发病高峰，一星期内周六周日发病率最高。死亡患者中肺损伤较重，合并伤中以皮肤骨骼伤最多。TBI分类以轻型为主（55．84％）。能恢复正常生活的占48．27％。TBI评分格拉斯哥昏迷指数与格拉斯哥预后评分呈负相关（r=0．637，P〈0．001）。结论西安的TBI病例多为男性，青壮年，农民工，步行或骑助动车者。一年中一月和四、五月发病率高；一周内，周末发病率高；多发生于上下班时间。预后多较好。Objective To explore the regulation and clinical characteristics of traumatic brain injury （TBI） treated in third-grade hospitals in Xi＇ an. Methods The clinical data of the patients with TBI hospitalized and treated from January to December 2014 in Tangdu Hospital, third grade hospitals in Xi＇ an, were prospectively analyzed. Results 317 patients with the ratio of male to female of 3.53：1, aged （42.98 ± 20.08） were analyzed. 82.65% of them were aged 17-69. 47.95% of them were farmers, Traffic accidents accounted for 44.48% of the TBI cases. 10.73% and 11.67% occurring on those who were pedestrians or rode a moped respectively. The peak periods in a year were January, April, and May; and the peak times of a day were the rush hours, and the incidence rates were the highest in the weekend. 55.84% of the TBI eases were light. 48.26% of the patients recovered completely. Most of the eases who died suffered from severe lung injury. Injuries of skin and bones were common complications. The Glasgow coma score was negatively correlated with the Glasgow outcome score＇（r=-0.637, P 〈 0.001）. Conclusion Most of the TBI eases in Xi＇an are person between twenty and fifty, migrant workers, and pedestrians and moped riders. The highest incidence rates occur in January, April, and May from the point of year, and during the rush hours in view of a day, and in weekend at the angle of a week. The prognosis is good generally.

关 键 词：颅脑创伤 流行病学 

分 类 号：R651.1[医药卫生—外科学]