18-19世纪中叶英国土地流转的特点——以科克家族的地产经营为中心的考察  

An Analysis of the Characteristic of the British Arable Land Circulation from the 18^(th) to the Mid-19^(th) Century:Taking the Land Property Management of the Cokes of Norfolk as the Center

作　　者：高麦爱[1] 

机构地区：[1]淮阴师范学院历史文化旅游学院

出　　处：《史学月刊》2016年第10期68-73,共6页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：2014年度国家社科基金项目"英国煤炭污染治理史研究"(14BSS026);江苏省教育厅2013年度高校哲学社会科学基金资助项目"‘伦敦雾'与江苏‘雾霾'治理的比较研究"(2013SJB770002)

摘　　要：圈地行为曾被英国政府三令五申地禁止,而当这一运动延续至18—19世纪中叶的时候,英国议会却通过立法的方式正式介入这一运动,力度之大令人咋舌。究其原因,这种发展趋势与英国的土地贵族在光荣革命后成功掌控英国的政治局势、追求大量土地所有权的趋势密不可分。它也是市场经济发展到一定阶段,在供求关系调节下利润力量驱使的结果。诺福克的科克家族(Coke of Norfolk)是这一时期英国土地转型的一个典型范例。他们历经几代人,通过各种方式追求土地规模的扩大、改变土地的用途以及追逐市场利润,从而在这些方面为后人研究英国土地转型问题留下了清晰的印记。Enclosure action had been prohibited by British government again and agaia Yet it is astonished that the British Parliament got deeply involved in this movement by legislation during the 18th century and the mid-19th century,this tendency was linked closely with the British landed aristocracies＇ controlling British political power successfully and chasing huge land property since the Glorious Revolution in England.It was also driven by the profit with the regulation of supply and demand,the Cokes of Norfolk was a typical model of British land transition during this period.They all hammered at enlarging land scale,changing the uses of land and chasing profit of market by all kinds of methods.All of these provided the clear marks for later generations to research the field of British land use transition.

关 键 词：圈地运动 科克家族 市场经济 

分 类 号：K561.4[历史地理—历史学]