间甲酚对杂交鲟幼鱼消化酶活性的影响  

Acute Toxicity of m-Cresol to Juvenile Hybrid Sturgeon and Effect on Digestive Enzyme Activity

作　　者：王艳艳 周其椿 蒋左玉 梁琍[3] 姚俊杰[2] 熊铧龙[2] 白璐 

机构地区：[1]贵州省水产研究所,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学动物科学学院水产科学系,贵阳550025 [3]铜仁学院生化系动物试验室,贵州铜仁554300

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2016年第5期63-67,共5页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金(黔科合J字LKN[2013]11号);贵州省科学技术基金(黔科合LH字[2014]7486);贵州省农业科学院(黔农科院院专项[2014]012号)

摘　　要：研究不同浓度间甲酚胁迫下杂交鲟幼鱼胃和肠中主要消化酶的活性变化情况,为了解间甲酚对鱼类幼鱼的潜在毒性作用提供参考。杂交鲟(施氏鲟Acipenser schrenckii♀×西伯利亚鲟A.baerii♂)幼苗平均体长(12.35±0.94)cm,平均体重(10.26±2.37)g。在水温(17.5±0.5)℃条件下,设置0.50、1.00、2.00、4.00和8.00 mg/L的间甲酚浓度梯度,采用生化和半静态亚急性毒性试验方法研究了杂交鲟幼鱼胃和肠中淀粉酶、脂肪酶、胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶的活性变化及间甲酚对4种酶活性的影响。结果显示:(1)在第20天时,胃中淀粉酶活性和胃蛋白酶活性随间甲酚浓度的增大呈"升高-降低"变化,第40天时2种酶活性呈显著下降变化(p<0.05),而脂肪酶活性在第20天和第40天时均呈"升高-降低"变化。(2)在第20天和第40天时,肠中淀粉酶活性和胰蛋白酶活性随间甲酚浓度的增大呈"升高-降低"变化,而脂肪酶活性在第20天时呈"升高-降低"变化,在第40天时呈显著下降变化(p<0.05)。低浓度间甲酚暴露对杂交鲟幼鱼肠和胃中消化酶活性有诱导作用,而高浓度有抑制作用,呈剂量-效应关系;在同一间甲酚浓度下,胃中胃蛋白酶和肠中脂肪酶活性随着时间的延长而降低,呈时间-效应关系。Study of fish digestive enzyme activity is an important aspect of fish nutrition and feed science. When fish are exposed to a low concentration of a toxic substance,feeding and digestion are affected and the fish are endangered. m-Cresol,an endocrine disruptor,is a priority pollutant（ China Priority Environmental Pollutant Blacklist,1989）. To characterize the toxic effects of m-Cresol on the digestion of juvenile fish,the activity of digestive enzymes of juvenile hybrid sturgeon（ Acipenser schrenckii ♀ × Acipenser baerii ♂） were measured after exposure to different concentrations of m-Cresol. Juvenile hybrid sturgeons（ 12. 35 ± 0. 94 cm,10. 26 ± 2. 37 g） were acclimated in an aquarium for two days before testing. Five concentrations of m-Cresol（ 0. 50,1. 00,2. 00,4. 00 and8. 00 mg / L） and one control group were used with ten hybrid sturgeons in each group. The test was carried out in triplicate at（ 17. 5 ± 0. 5） ℃. The activities of amylase,lipase,pepsin and trypsin in the stomach and intestine of juvenile hybrid sturgeon were determined on day 20 and day 40 of the test. The LC50 of m-Cresol to hybrid sturgeons at 24,48,72 and 96 h were 49. 60,47. 26,46. 36 and 45. 50 mg / L,respectively,and the safe concentration was 4. 55 mg / L. The death rate at the high concentration of m-Cresol（ 65. 65 mg / L） reached 90% in 24 h,indicating that m-Cresol is highly toxic to hybrid sturgeon. On day 20,the activities of amylase and pepsin in the stomach fluctuated with increased m-Cresol concentration and,by day 40,activities decreased significantly with increased m-Cresol concentration（ p〈 0. 05）. The activity of lipase in the stomach fluctuated with m-Cresol concentration at both day 20 and day 40,as did intestinal activities of amylase and trypsin. The activity of intestinal lipase fluctuated with m-Cresol concentration on day 20,but significantly decreased by day 40（ p 〈0. 05）. Our research indicates that low concentrations of m-Cresol induce digestive enzyme activity,while hi

关 键 词：间甲酚 杂交鲟 幼鱼 消化酶 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S941.91[农业科学—水产养殖]