云南4个少数民族糖尿病危险因素及相关知识的对比分析  

Comparative study of risk factors and knowledge of diabetesamong four ethnic minorities resided in Yunnan Province

作　　者：苏蓉[1,2] 蔡乐[1] 董峻[1] 崔文龙[1] 孙承欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,650500 [2]昆明医科大学附属甘美医院老年病科,650011

出　　处：《重庆医学》2016年第29期4103-4105,4109,共4页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71263032);昆明医科大学重大科技成果培育基金资助项目(CGPY201503)

摘　　要：[摘要]目的比较分析云南省4个独有少数民族糖尿病危险因素的流行现状和糖尿病相关知识的认知水平。方法采用多阶段分层抽样方法对5532名大于或等于35岁的纳西族、傈僳族、傣族和景颇族常住居民进行问卷调查和现场体检。结果纳西族、傈僳族、傣族和景颇族糖尿病危险因素的检出率分别是：糖尿病家族史2．2％、0．4％、3．3％和1．5％；高血压27．0％、16．5％、55．2％和36．9％；肥胖8．9％、2．0％、16．9％和5．7％；中心性肥胖39．5％、16．0％、61．8％和39．1％；缺乏体力活动32．2％、27．2％、39．9％和31．7％；并且均是傣族最高，傈僳族最低（P〈0．05）。高脂饮食44．9％、34．7％、45．5％和25．8％；以傣族最高，景颇族最低（P〈0．05）。吸烟率31．1％、34．8％、33．1％和47．2％，以景颇族最高，纳西族最低（P〈0．05）。4个民族糖尿病相关知识的总体知晓率均低于25％。糖尿病的典型症状、危险因素及管理知识的知晓率均是傣族最高，景颇族最低（P〈0．05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，糖尿病家族史（OR=4．26，95％Cr：2．51～7．22）、年龄（OR=1．04，95％CI：1．02～1．05）、受教育程度（OR=1．05，95％CI：1．01～1．09）、肥胖（OR=1．74，95％CI：1．24～2．44）、中心性肥胖（OR=2．62，95％CI：1．95～3．53）和高血压（OR=1．99，95％CI：1．50～2．63）是糖尿病的独立危险因素。结论云南省4个少数民族糖尿病患病危险因素具有较高的流行水平，而糖尿病相关知识的知晓率均处于较低水平。Objective To compare prevalence of diabetes risk factors and diabetes-related knowledge among four unique eth- nic minorities in Yunnan Province. Methods Multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select a representative sample of 5 532 people aged 35 and over from Na Xi,Li Su,Dai and Jing Po ethnic groups. Information was obtained from question- naire and health examination. Results For Na Xi, Li Su,Dai and Jing Po ethnic minority, the prevalence rates of diabetes risk fac- tors were as follows：family history of diabetes was 2.2 %,0.4 %, 3.3 % and 1.5 %, hypertension was 27.0 %, 16.5 %, 55.2 % and 36.9% ,o＇besity was 8.9% ,2.0% ,16.9% and 5.7% ,central obesity was 39.5% ,16.0% ,61.8% and 39.1% ,and physical inactivi- ty was 32.2 %, 27.2 %, 39.9 % and 31.7 %, respectively. The highest rates of family history of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, cen- tral obesity and physical inactivity were seen in Dai ethnic minority,where lowest rates were found in Li Su （P〈0.05）. High-fat di- et intake was 44.9 %, 34.7 %, 45.5 % and 25.8 %,Dai ethnic minority had highest rate of high-fat diet intake,whereas Jing Po had the lowest （P〈 0.05）. Smoking was 31.1%, 34.8%, 33.1% and 47.2%, Jing Po ethnic minority had highest rate of smoking, whereas Na Xi had the lowest （P〈0.05）. The overall awareness rate about diabetes-related knowledge was less than 25 % among four ethnic minorities. The highest awareness rate about typical symptoms, risk factors and management knowledge of diabetes was found in Dai ethnic minority,whereas the lowest rate was seen in Jing Po （P〈0.05）. The result of multivariate logistic regression showed that family history of diabetes （OR = 4.26,95 % CI： 2.51 - 7.22 ）, age （OR = 1.04,95 % CI： 1.02 - 1.05 ）, education （ OR = 2.12,95%CI：1.01-1.09） ,obese（OR= 1.74,95%CI：1.24-2.44）,central obese（OR= 2.62,95%CI.. 1.95-3.53）,and hyper- tensive（OR： 1.99,95 %CI： 1.50-2.63） were significantly associated with diabetes. Conclusion The findings ind

关 键 词：糖尿病 患病率 危险因素 知识 独有少数民族 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]