燃煤电厂废弃SCR脱硝催化剂元素回收研究进展  

Research progress of element recovery of waste De-NO_x SCR catalyst from coal-fired power plants

作　　者：陈晨[1] 陆强[1] 蔺卓玮 李文艳[1] 董长青[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学生物质发电成套设备国家工程实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《化工进展》2016年第10期3306-3312,共7页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2015CB251501);中央高校基本科研业务费(2015ZZD02)项目

摘　　要：随着选择性催化剂还原法(SCR)脱硝技术在国内的普及以及SCR脱硝工程的大量建设,废弃SCR脱硝催化剂的高效处置已引起了广泛关注,针对高附加值成分的元素回收是较为合理的处置方案。本文总结了目前关于废弃SCR脱硝催化剂3种主要元素Ti、V、W(或Mo)回收的主要技术方案,其中Ti元素的回收主要是通过钠化焙烧法或浓碱浸出法首先分离Ti元素,而后通过酸洗法回收获得二氧化钛;V元素的回收方法主要包括铵盐沉淀法、萃取法和电解法,从而得到五氧化二钒或者偏钒酸铵;W元素的回收方法主要包括钙盐沉淀法、钠盐结晶法和酸沉法,从而得到三氧化钨。在此基础上,对各技术方案进行了比较,为开发高效合理的元素回收技术提供依据,并指出后续研究中还需要优化酸洗法回收Ti元素的酸洗条件以及V、W元素的纯化技术,从而进一步提高回收产品的纯度。With the large scale application of the SCR De-NOx technique and the construction of the SCR systems,the treatment of the waste SCR catalysts has gained increasing attentions in recent years. Recovery of valuable elements is considered to be a promising way. This paper summarizes different element recovery techniques for three major elements of V,W and Ti（or Mo）. The element Ti can be recovered through the sodiumzation-calcination or concentrated alkali leaching,followed by acid washing to obtain titanium dioxide,while the element V can be recovered by the ammonium salt precipitation,extraction or electrolysis method,as vanadium pentoxide or ammonium vanadate. And the element W can be recovered via the calcium salt precipitation,sodium crystallization or acid precipitation method,as tungsten trioxide. These methods are compared with each other,to provide information for the development of a reasonable solution for the waste SCR catalysts. Moreover,further research work is pointed out as to optimize the acid washing conditions in the recovery of Ti as well as the purification techniques of V and W,so as to enhance the purity of the recovered products.

关 键 词：催化剂 回收 废物处理 选择性催化还原法 脱硝催化剂 

分 类 号：TQ426.94[化学工程]