节水灌溉条件下氮肥密度互作对双季晚稻丰源优299肥料利用率的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application and Planting Density on Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Late Rice Fengyuanyou 299 under the Condition of Water Saving Irrigation

作　　者：龙文飞[1] 傅志强[1] 李海林[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院/南方粮油作物协同创新中心,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《作物杂志》2016年第5期124-130,共7页Crops

基　　金：农业公益性行业(农业)科研专项:湖南双季稻三熟区耕地培肥与合理农作制构建集成研究与示范(201503123-05);国家科技支撑计划项目:长江中游南部(湖南)水稻丰产节水节肥技术集成与示范(2013BAD07B11)

摘　　要：为构建水稻高产高效节水栽培技术模式,通过大田小区试验,研究了在节水灌溉条件下施氮量和栽植密度对双季晚稻丰源优299肥料利用率的影响。结果表明:施氮量、栽植密度及氮密互作对水稻氮磷钾素吸收和肥料利用率的影响均显著。随着施氮量的增加,水稻植株氮素与磷素吸收量呈先增长后减少的趋势,吸钾量呈现出先增加后减少再增加的趋势。随着密度的增加,植株总吸氮量与总吸钾量呈现先降低后升高的趋势,总吸磷量呈现逐步增加的趋势。低氮处理的氮肥贡献率、土壤氮素依存率、氮肥农学利用率和氮肥偏生产力最高,显著高于中氮处理;高密处理提高了氮肥吸收利用率和氮肥贡献率。水稻经济产量与茎叶氮磷钾素吸收量呈极显著正相关,与氮肥贡献率呈极显著正相关。因此,合理的施氮量和栽植密度组合(N1T3)能够形成水稻高产高效的群体结构,提高肥料利用率,进而提高水稻生产效益。For building high yield and high efficiency water saving planting technology model of rice, field plot test was used to study the effect of nitrogen application and planting density under the condition of water saving irrigation on the fertilizer utilization ratio of double season late rice Fengyuanyou 299. Results indicated that amount of nitrogen application, planting density and interaction effects of nitrogen and density had great significant effects on N P K absorption and fertilizer utilization ratio. With the amount of nitrogen increasing, rice plant uptake of phosphorus and nitrogen showed a trend of firstly increase and then decrease, and potassium uptake showed an increase after the first decrease and then increase trend. As the density increases, plant total nitrogen absorption and potassium absorption showed a trend of firstly decrease and then increase, total phosphorus absorption showed a gradual increasing trend. Fertilizer contribution rate of low nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen dependency rate in soil, nitrogen agronomic efficiency and N fertilizer partial productivity maximum, significantly higher than the medium nitrogen treatment; generally high- density processing more conducive to utilization and absorption of nitrogen fertilizer and improve the contribution rates of nitrogen fertilizer. Rice economic yield had significantly positive correlation （P〈0.01） with the N P K absorption of stem and leaf and the nitrogen fertilizer contribution rate. Therefore, a reasonable amount of nitrogen application and planting density （N1T3） in rice can form a high yield and high efficiency group structure effectively, improve fertilizer utilization ratio, and improve the efficiency office production.

关 键 词：水稻 节水灌溉 肥密互作 肥料利用率 

分 类 号：S511.33[农业科学—作物学]