衡阳市中心城区冬季雾霾天PM_(2.5)中重金属污染初探  

Primary Study on Pollution of Heavy Metals in PM_(2.5) under Haze-fog Weather in Hengyang City During Winter

作　　者：田蓉[1] 刘迎云[1] 熊佩[1] 陈攀[1] 

机构地区：[1]南华大学环境保护与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《南华大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第3期110-114,118,共6页Journal of University of South China：Science and Technology

基　　金：南华大学研究生科研创新基金资助项目(2015XCX29)

摘　　要：为了解衡阳市中心城区雾霾天PM_（2.5）中重金属污染特征与来源,2014~2015年连续2年对衡阳市城区冬季大气PM_（2.5）进行采集.通过滤膜称重法测量PM_（2.5）质量浓度,微波消解—原子吸收光谱法（AAS）测定PM_（2.5）中Pb、Cd、Cu、Cr、Ni和Fe等6种重金属元素质量浓度,结合富集因子法对衡阳城区大气PM_（2.5）进行来源解析.结果表明：采样期间,衡阳市中心城区冬季雾霾天PM_（2.5）平均质量浓度均超过国家二级标准,2014和2015年冬季PM_（2.5）中重金属污染趋势基本相同,分别为Cu〉Fe〉Pb〉Cr〉Ni〉Cd和Cu〉Fe〉Cr〉Pb〉Ni〉Cd,表明衡阳城区冬季重金属污染规律明显,富集因子法分析后发现PM_（2.5）中Pb、Cd、Cu、Cr、Ni和Fe元素的EF值均大于10,明显来自于人为污染源,其中Cd、Cu为极强富集,污染可能来源于城区周围金属冶炼和工业燃煤烟尘.To study pollution characteristics and sources of heavy metals in PM2.5 under haze-fog weather in Hengyang city, atmospheric particulate matters in Hengyang city were investigated during 2014-- 2015 winter.The concentration of PM2.5 were measured by filter membrane weighting method and microwave digestion and atomic absorption spectroscopy （AAS）method were used for analyzing 6 heavy metals （Pb, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni and Fe） in PM2.5, pollution characteristics of heavy metals in PM2.5 were analyzed by enrichment factor method.The results indicated that the concentrations of atmospheric PM2.5 under haze-fog weather were much higher than the 24 h mean value （75 μg/m3） in National Ambient Air Quality Standard during the sampling period.The pollution concentration of heavy metals in PM2.5 showed stable trend,which were Cu〉Fe〉Pb〉Cr〉Ni〉Cd and Cu〉Fe〉Cr〉Pb〉Ni〉 Cd, respectively.The result of enrichment factor analysis showed that the EF values of Pb, Cd,Cu,Cr,Ni and Fe in PM2.5 were higher than 10, those elements came from man-made pollution sources obviously, and Cd and Cu were extremely enriched, the pollution may came from metal smelting or industrial coal combustion in urban area.

关 键 词：大气PM2.5 重金属 污染水平 富集因子 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]