专业与日常:医学知识形成的一个侧面——以应声虫病的书写为例  

Professionalism and Generality:A Formation Process of Medical Knowledge Taking Transcription of Yingshengchong Disease for Examples

作　　者：张园园[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学人文学院,讲师历史学博士宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《史学月刊》2016年第9期99-107,共9页Journal of Historical Science

摘　　要：应声虫病故事主要有四种类型,即唐代出现的张文仲治应病和苏澄治应病故事,及宋代出现的"杨勔中年得异疾"和"毛景得奇疾"故事。应声虫病故事在历史书写中发生衍变,呈现出由传记式到医案式再到专业化和生活化的转向,在文本传抄的过程中,原本记载于文人笔记小说中的日常医疗经验逐渐进入到医书之中,变成专业的医学知识,指导医学实践,拓展医学认知,并进而通过医学知识的传播,于明清时期实现了医学知识的常识化和生活化。古代医学是经验医学,也是文化医学,书写文化形塑了医学知识的建构。There were four styles of Yingshengchong stories, such as Zhang Wenzhong cured disease of Ying and Su Cheng cured disease of Ying appeared in Tang dynasty, ＂Yang Mian contracted odd diseases in his middle age＂ and ＂Mao Jing suffered from strange disease＂ appeared in the Song dynasty. The writings of yingshengchong disease had changed from biography to medical cases to professionalization and lifestyle in the process of text transcription, daily medical experience originally recorded in essays and novels had been transcribed in medical books, and the experience finally turned to be professional medical knowledge which guided medical practice and even promoted a greater understanding of medicine, furthermore, professional medical knowledge became to be general knowledge and common sense through the spreading of medical knowledge in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Traditional Chinese Medicine is experience medicine as well as a cultural one. Writing culture shaped the construction of medical knowledge.

关 键 词：医学知识 应声虫 医学转向 类书 医案 

分 类 号：R2-09[医药卫生—中医学]