月桂酸碱金属离子盐/芳基杂环磷酸铝盐复配体诱导等规聚丙烯结晶成核作用  

The Synergistic Effect of Alkali Metal Salt of Lauric Acid and Aromatic Heterocyclic Phosphate Aluminum on Nucleation of Isotactic Polypropylene

作　　者：张凯[1] 付光[1] 周颖[1] 何文涛[1] 秦舒浩[1] 于杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学材料与冶金学院国家复合改性聚合物材料工程技术研究中心,贵阳550025

出　　处：《高分子学报》2016年第10期1431-1438,共8页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金(基金号黔科合J字[2014]2100号);国家自然科学基金(基金号51463006);国家科技支撑计划课题(项目号2013BAB07B03)资助

摘　　要：以芳基杂环磷酸铝盐(AHP-Al OH)作为成核主体,分别含有Li+、Na+、K+3种碱金属离子的月桂酸盐(alkali metal salt of lauric acid,AMSLA)为配体,研究了该类复配体系协效诱导等规聚丙烯(i PP)成核作用规律.通过偏光显微观察、示差扫描量热分析、力学性能测试、光学性能测试以及耐热性能表征等手段,研究不同碱金属离子对复合材料结晶结构、结晶行为以及力学性能、光学性能、耐热性的影响.结果表明,Li L、Na L和KL对i PP的成核作用较差,对球晶尺寸的细化不明显,平均尺寸为161μm,与纯i PP在球晶尺度在同一数量级,结晶温度提高小于6.5℃,成核有效性低于20%,对复合材料力学性能、光学性能及耐热性的改善非常有限;APH-Al OH对i PP的成核作用达到中等水平,晶体尺寸比纯i PP减小了1个数量级,达到16μm,结晶温度提高13.7℃,成核有效性提高到45.4%,力学性能,光学性能及耐热性同样达到中等水平;Li L、Na L和KL与APH-Al OH复配后对i PP的球晶尺度迅速减小至5μm以下,比纯i PP球晶尺寸小2个数量级,结晶峰值温度可提高20℃以上,成核有效性高达60%以上,拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量平均分别提高15.0%、44.2%、64.0%.雾度值平均下降72.8%,透光率平均增加13.9%,热变形温度平均升高53.8%.AMSLA和APH-Al OH之间表现出极强的协效成核作用,AMSLA中碱金属阳离子对复配体之间的协效成核作用影响对不同性能之间有不同表现,其对结晶峰值温度,力学性能、耐热性能方面的影响表现为Na+>K^+>Li^+,而对光学性能方面表现为Li^+>Na^+>K^+.Aromatic heterocyclic phosphate aluminum （AHP-A1OH） ,three types of alkali metal salt of lauric acid （AMSLA） and their composites were mixed into iPP through melt blending method, respectively. The resultant iPP samples were characterized by polarizing optical microscopy （POM）, differential scanning calorimeter （DSC） and their corresponding properties were also tested. The results showed that the crystallization peak temperature and nucleation efficiency of the iPP samples,prepared with mixed AMSLA and APH-AlOH,were higher than those of the other iPP samples. With taddition of AMSLA alone, the nucleation effect is not significant. The mean size of spherulites maintained the same as that of the raw iPP which is 161 μm. The crystallization peak temperature increases by less than 6.5 ℃ , and the nucleation efficiency is merely 20%. APH-AlOH shows medium nucleation ability on iPP. The mean size of spherulites decreases to 16 μm. The crystallization peak temperature increases by 13.7 ℃ and the nucleation efficiency is 45.4%. However,when the mixture of AMSLA and APH-AlOH is introduced together, the mean size of spherulites decreases to a size below 5 μm. The crystallization peak temperature increases by more than 20 ℃ and the nucleation efficiency is higher than 60%. The tensile strength, flexural strength, flexural modulus, heat distortion temperature （HDT） and transmittance of these composites increase by 6.4%, 17.3%, 18.6%, 25.2% and 15.1% ,respectively,and the haze decreases by 70.3% compared to iPP matrix. Additionally,the type of alkali metal ions of AMSLA has an obvious effect on the nucleation efficiency of the mixture of AMSLA and APH-AlOH. The crystallization peak temperature, mechanical and heat-resisting properties follows the order of Na ^＋ 〉 K ^＋ 〉 Li ^＋ ,while the optical property follows the order of Li ^＋ 〉 Na ^＋ 〉 K ^＋.

关 键 词：成核剂 等规聚丙烯 月桂酸盐 芳基杂环磷酸盐 协效作用 

分 类 号：TQ325.14[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]