压实对基质含水量和时空异质性的影响  

Compaction enhances soil water content and decreases spatiotemporal heterogeneity

作　　者：张成梁 冯晶晶[2] 赵廷宁[2] 张文 ZHANG Cheng-liang FENG Jing-jing ZHAO Ting-ning ZHANG Wen(Ecological Restoration Research Base of Be ijing Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry, Beijing 100089, China Soil and Water Conservation school, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China Zhongke Dingshi Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd, Beijing 100102, China)

机构地区：[1]轻工业环境保护研究所,北京100089 [2]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [3]中科鼎实环境工程有限公司,北京100102

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2016年第11期108-112,共5页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项"建设工程损毁林地植被恢复关键技术研究与示范"(200904030)

摘　　要：为了将基质压实发展为改善立地、促进生产的技术手段,运用在农林业生产中,研究不同程度压实后基质持水能力及水分动态变化特征。试验布设5个试验槽,标记为T1~T5,T1为对照,基质自然沉降,T2~T5经过碾压后,容重分别为对照容重的1.25、1.50、1.75、2.00倍。2012~2013年定期测量1 m内基质体积含水量,通过变异系数评价含水量的时间变异性和垂直、水平方向上的空间变异性。结果表明,随着压实程度增加,基质含水量显著增加,时间变异系数和垂直、水平方向上的空间变异系数下降。随着植物根系的发展,T1~T4深层含水量的时间变异系数升高。T5浅层含水量的时间变异系数和水平变异系数均较高,由于含水量的时间和水平异质性可以反映根系活动,结果表明重度压实限制植物根系发展。The effect of compaction on water holding capacity and soil water dynamics was studied in order to develop a new technology, i.e., using compaction as a method to enhance site conditions and to improve plant growth in agriculture and forestry. Five plots were set and marked as T1 - T5. T1 was the control, and the soil within was naturally subsided. T2 - T5 were compressed by a tractor to a preset bulk density, which was 1.25, 1.50, 1.75 and 2.00 times as mush as that of T1, respectively. Robinia pseudoacacia, Medicago sativa and Platycladus orientalis were grown in each plots. Three PVC tubes were set in each plots to measure the volumetric water content （SWC） from 10 to 100 cm depth. Variable coefficient （CV value） was used to evaluate the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of SWC. The results showed that, as the compact degree enhanced, SWC increased while temporal, vertical and horizontal CV values decreased. As the root developed form 2012 to 2013, temporal heterogeneity increased in T1 - T4. Both temporal and horizontal CV values were higher in the shallower layers in T5. According to the lower temporal and horizontal CV values, the root development was shown to be restricted in T5, which was the most severe compacted plot.

关 键 词：压实 含水量 变异系数 时空异质性 

分 类 号：S714.6[农业科学—林学] S152