基于保护价值与保护成本分析的滇西北植被优先保护区识别  

Priority area identification for vegetation in northwest Yunnan,based on protection value and protection cost

作　　者：陶国庆[1] 欧晓昆[1] 郭银明[1] 徐倩[1] 遇翘楚 张志明[1] 王崇云[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学生态学与地植物学研究所,昆明650091

出　　处：《生态学报》2016年第18期5777-5789,共13页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41361046);科技部国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC09B07);中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养计划

摘　　要：生物多样性丧失和保护资源不足是当前人类面临的严峻问题,确定保护等级和优先保护区是当前一项重要工作。以滇西北三江并流区为例,基于多准则决策分析方法(MCDA),以物种丰富度、植被稀有性、国家级濒危植物种数、省级濒危植物种数、濒危等级和生境特殊性6个因子为指标,对滇西北24种植被亚型进行保护价值评分。并融合海拔、距居民点距离、距道路距离、距河流距离4个人为干扰因子分析了保护成本。对保护价值和保护成本进行叠加分析确定研究区植被的保护等级以及优先保护区。结果表明:滇西北植被可分为4个保护等级,其中等级1作为优先保护区面积16983km^2,占滇西北总面积25.58%,其主要保护的为季风常绿阔叶林,寒温性针叶林,高山、亚高山草甸,寒温性灌丛,积雪,水体这6类植被亚型;优先保护区作为综合的保护区能够对重要的森林、草地和湿地植被做到保护,等级2是作为森林保护主体区。等级3可作为保护缓冲区,等级4则作为传统的土地利用区。Biodiversity losing and unreasonable use of nature resources are two important environmental issues. In order to protect biodiversity rescources, many countries have established numerous nature reserves and other types of protected areas. However, degradation of natural resources is a big challenge in conservation projects, and we cannot prohibit all the activities associated with economic development in the conserved areas, particularly in southwest China. There is a serious conflict between two aspects. One aspect is the rich biodiversity, increasing its importance for conservation. The other is the backward economy that requires more resources for local development. Therefore, land zoning is an important approach that can reduce conflict by partitioning the landscape into various land use units that are managed according to different levels of human activity. Our research focuses on the Three Parallel Rivers of the Yunnan Protected Area. We present a systematic methodology that integrates vegetation plot data with Geographic Information Systems （GIS） using a multi-criteria decision analysis （MCDA） technique to guide a zoning scheme. The vegetation plot data include species richness, rarity of vegetation, number of endangered plant species, ranking of endangered species, and quality of habitat. Based on these data, the protection value scores for the sub-vegetation in northwest Yunnan were obtained. Then altitude, distance to villages, distance to roads and distance to rivers were used as the impact factors to simulate the pattern of protection cost. The protection value and protection cost were integrated to generate a final combined suitability map. A K-means cluster analysis was performed to classify the suitability map into four priority levels. In this study, the area considered under level 1 was 16983 km^2, accounting for 25.58% of the total research area. The targeted areas for protection in level 1 included sub-vegetation of monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest, cold-temperate coniferous forest

关 键 词：优先保护区 保护价值 功能区划 多准则决策 人为干扰 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]