哈尔滨市中学生饮酒行为及影响因素分析  

Drinking behaviors and influencing factors among middle school students in Harbin

作　　者：杨超[1] 赵娜[1] 兰莉[1] 李诚[1] 张婷婷[1] 王蕊[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省哈尔滨市疾病预防控制中心,150056

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2016年第9期1286-1289,1293,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：黑龙江省卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题(2014050);哈尔滨市科技创新人才研究专项基金项目(2015RAXYJ068)

摘　　要：目的了解哈尔滨市中学生饮酒行为现状,探讨家庭、朋友及广告等环境因素对其产生的影响,为制定预防中学生饮酒相关政策提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽取哈尔滨市2个城区和2个县的46所初中、高中和职业中学共计5 799名中学生,进行自填匿名式问卷调查。结果中学生饮酒率和醉酒率分别为49.6%和18.6%;第一次饮酒、醉酒年龄所占比例最高年龄组分别是14-15岁和16-17岁,分别为10.8%和5.7%;2 650名饮酒中学生中,22.0%喝酒后会脸红,其中7.0%选择喝酒后脸红继续喝。过去30 d内,父母亲喝酒、互联网等媒体中没见过反对喝酒的信息等是中学生饮酒的危险因素,最好朋友不喝酒、广播/海报没见过酒广告和有卖家因为未成年而拒绝向你卖酒则是保护因素（P值均〈0.05）。结论哈尔滨市中学生饮酒率和醉酒率较高,初次饮酒年龄较低,家庭、朋友和广告环境均存在影响中学生饮酒的危险因素。建立良好的社会、家庭及朋友关系均有助于预防青少年饮酒行为的发生。Objective To understand the status of drinking behavior of middle school students in Harbin, explore the influence of environmental factors, such as family, friends and advertising, etc., to provide scientific basis for prevention of alcoholrelated policies. Methods A multi-stage stratified random method was used for sampling, a total of 5 799 middle school students from 46 junior high schools and vocational schools in 2 districts and 2 counties were investigated with a self-administered anonymous questionnaire survey. Results Middle school students＇ drinking rate and drunken rate were 49.6% and 18.6% respectively. For the first time, the highest proportion of the age of drinking and drunk was 14-15 years old and 16-17 years old respectively, the proportion was 10.8% and 5.7% respectively; 22% of the drinking middle school students would blush, of which 7% chose to continue to after the blush; in the past 30 days, the drinking behavior of father and mother displaying no message of drinking alcohol on Internet and other media were risk factors for drinking middle school students, having no drinking best friends, reading no advertisement across radio / posters, sellers ＇ refusing to provide alcohol to teenagers are protective factors（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The drinking rate and rate of intoxication of middle school students in Harbin are high. The low initial drinking age, family, friends and advertising environment are all the risk factors, so the establishment of good social, family and friends relationship is helpful to prevent the occurrence of drinking behavior.

关 键 词：饮酒 行为 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R195