不同眼部休息方法对缓解医学生视疲劳的作用  

Effects of different ocular-resting interventions to ease the video display terminal visual fatigue among medicos

作　　者：王霞[1] 袁梦[2] 胡丽君[2] 王敏杰[1] 张美芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学护理学院,广东广州510080 [2]中山大学附属第一医院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2016年第9期1314-1317,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的比较不同眼部休息方式对眼部肌肉的缓解作用,探讨适合频繁使用视屏显示终端(VDT)医学生的休息方式。方法将80名医学生志愿者随机分为4组,进行可引起视疲劳的阅读训练后给予不同休息方式干预,并继续阅读任务,通过作业疲劳症状自评量表、自行设计的一般资料调查表以及阅读软件进行调查,评价不同方式对缓解大学生视屏显示终端视疲劳的作用。结果 80名医学生中有63名(91.2%)存在视力问题,日常使用计算机时间在2 h以上的为67人(83.7%),出现频率较高的眼部症状前3位分别为视力下降44例(55.0%)、视物模糊36例(53.8%)以及眼干36例(45.0%)。干预后3个试验组的作业疲劳症状自评量表得分及阅读速度均较对照组有所改善且差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01),干预效果从高到低依次为眼保健操、视远近物交替、闭目休息。结论采用不同的工作间休息方式,对于缓解因长时间注视VDT而给眼部带来的疲劳感以及提高工作效率的程度也有所不同,合理的眼部休息方式更能有效缓解视频显示终端视疲劳和提高工作效率,其中以眼保健操的干预效果最佳。Objective To compare the alleviating effect of different ocular-resting interventions on eye muscles alleviating effect and to explore a suitable way of eye resting for medicos who were frequently exposed to video display terminals. Methods 80 volunteers were randomly divided into four groups. After a sustained periods of visual task that could cause asthenopia, different groups were given different interventions to carry out. Then carried out another 45-minute reading task. General information questionnaire designed by ourselves, the Newly Developed Questionnaire for Work Related Fatigue Feelings（ WRFFQ） and the changing of reading speed before rest and after rest were used to evaluate the effects of three different interventions. Results The baseline data showed that 63 medicos（ 91.2%） had vision problems. Sixty-seven medicos（ 83.7%） usually spent 2 or more hours on computers. In 12 ocular symptoms, three of the highest the top three symptoms that always occurred were decreased vision（ 55%）, blurred vision（ 53.8%） and dryness of eye（ 45%）. After intervened, the scores in intervention groups were significantly higher than those of control group on WRFFQ and the reading speed. The alleviating effect of asthenopia ranked from doing ocular gymnastics, alternatively fixating objects near and far to resting with eyes closed.The effect of alleviating asthenopia from high to low were： doing ocular gymnastics, alternately fixating objects near and far and rest with eyes closed. Conclusion During VDT using period, using eye-rest interventions could release asthenopia and improve work efficiency. Different methods could cause different effects. Reasonable ocular eye resting methods could better release asthennopia and improve work efficacy, especially for the way of ocular exercise.

关 键 词：视疲劳 休息 干预性研究 学生 医科 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学] R473.77[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]