基于小型无人机摄影测量的交通事故现场勘查  

Surveying method of traffic accident scene based on SUAV photogrammetry

作　　者：陈强[1] 许洪国[1] 谭立东[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学交通学院,长春130022

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2016年第5期1439-1446,共8页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金："863"国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2009AA11Z201);国家自然科学基金项目(51078167)

摘　　要：为了解决道路交通事故现场二维勘测中"四点法"的不足和实际应用问题,提出了基于小型无人机摄影测量的"改进四点法"。首先,通过小型无人机拍摄事故现场图像;其次,对事故现场图像采用预先对控制点信息进行归一化处理的方式减少校正过程中病态矩阵求解问题;然后,调用图像校正算法将透视图校正为正投影图;最后,以校正后的正投影图为依据,调用图像量测模块在新的正投影图上进行测量、记录和标注。通过控制场地测试和典型交通事故案例现场测试验证了该方法的有效性。与传统人工测绘以及图像测量方法相比,该方法在提高事故现场勘测精度的同时,扩展了勘测现场范围,抑制了拍摄角对"四点法"精度的影响。In order to solve the deficiency and limit of using ＂4-point photogrammetric method＂in 2D surveying of traffic accident scene,an improved 4-point surveying method was proposed,which was based on Small Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle（SUAV）.First,the traffic accident scene images are capture by SUAV.Second,the captured images are transmitted back to the image pickup device immediately,and a pre-normalized approach for control point information processing is applied to reduce pathological situation of matrix calculation in the correction process.Then,the image correction algorithm is employed to rectify the perspective image to orthographic image.Finally,an image measuring module is used to measure,record and mark the information on the basis of the orthographic image.A control field test and an accident cased were used to validate the proposed method.Compared with the traditional manual surveying and photogrammetric method,the proposed method can not only improve the accuracy of accident scene surveying,but also expand the scope of the investigation,and constrain the impact of project angle on the accuracy of 4-point photogrammetric method.

关 键 词：交通运输系统工程 交通事故 摄影测量 改进四点法 小型无人机 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]