模拟放牧对高寒草甸丛枝菌根真菌的影响  

Effects of Simulated Grazing on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Alpine Meadow Ecosystem

作　　者：石国玺[1,2] 蒋胜竞[3] 秦雪雪[1] 郭小强[1] 马世荣[1] 冯虎元[3] 周华坤[2] SHI Guo-xi JIANG Sheng-jing QIN Xue-xue GUO Xiao-qiang MA Shi-rong FENG Hu-yuan ZHOU Hua-kun(University Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Longdong Bio-resources in Gansu Province, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang, Gansu Province 745000, China Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province 810008, China MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China)

机构地区：[1]陇东学院生命科学与技术学院甘肃省陇东生物资源保护与利用高校重点实验室,甘肃庆阳745000 [2]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810008 [3]兰州大学生命科学学院细胞活动与逆境适应教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《草地学报》2016年第3期610-617,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31500427;31172247;31472135);中国博士后基金(2015M582735);国家科技支撑课题专题(2014BAC05B03);陇东学院青年科技创新基金(XYZK1505)资助

摘　　要：采用植物样方调查与丛枝菌根(AM)真菌的形态分子鉴定等方法分析了模拟放牧对地上植物及地下AM真菌群落的影响。结果表明:随着放牧程度的增加,地上植物的物种丰富度显著降低,但AM真菌的物种丰富度没有显著变化;AM真菌总侵染率与丛枝侵染率随着放牧强度的增加显著降低,但泡囊侵染与土壤AM真菌的孢子密度均不受放牧强度的显著影响;模拟放牧对植物群落组成具有显著影响,但AM真菌的群落组成不受放牧的影响。以上结果表明较植物群落而言,AM真菌对放牧干扰具有较高的耐受性,凸显了在放牧干扰条件下,AM真菌在维持高寒草甸生物多样性过程中的作用。The effects of different grazing intensity on plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungal community structure were analyzed using the method of quadrat sampling, AM fungal morphological and mo- lecular identification. Results showed that plant richness and composition AM fungal richness were not significantly decreased with increase of the grazing intensity; the total AM fungal colonization and arbuscular colonization were significantly decreased by the simulated grazing, but there were no significant differences in vesicular colonization, as well as spore density, among treatments. Our results suggested that AM fungi were more tolerant to grazing than plant community, and also indicated the role of AM fungi in maintaining bio--diversity in alpine meadow ecosystem.

关 键 词：土壤真菌 模拟放牧 菌根 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q938.1[生物学—微生物学]