北京郊县农村地区高血压患者的自我管理现状研究  

Self- management of Hypertensive Patients in Beijing Rural Area

作　　者：徐光耀[1] 王媛媛[2] 庞雪芹[2] 刘薇薇[2] XU Guang - yao WANG Yuan - yuan PANG Xue - qin LIU Wei -wei(Department of Endocrinology, Yanqing Hospital, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 102100, China the Second Outpatient, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100096, China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院延庆医院内分泌科,北京市102100 [2]北京大学第三医院第二门诊部

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2016年第30期3725-3728,共4页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项(首发2011-7131-01)

摘　　要：目的了解北京郊县农村地区高血压患者的自我管理现状。方法采用方便抽样法,选取北京市延庆县井庄镇的209例高血压患者为调查对象。2014年5—8月,采用调查问卷进行调查。问卷主要内容包括:患者的一般情况,高血压患者接受医务人员提供的自我管理教育或建议的情况,患者的自我管理情况,情绪状态及自我管理的影响因素,并现场测量身高、体质量、血压。共发放问卷209份,回收有效问卷209份,有效回收率为100.0%。结果209例高血压患者中,有154例(73.7%)测量了身高、体质量、血压,其中体质量正常79例(51.3%),超重45例(29.2%),肥胖30例(19.5%);血压正常52例(33.8%),1级高血压66例(42.9%),2级高血压30例(19.5%),3级高血压6例(3.8%)。209例高血压患者中,从未接受过任何饮食、运动、工作与休息管理、情绪管理、血压监测、遵医嘱服药方面的自我管理教育或建议者分别为69例(33.0%)、85例(40.7%)、135例(64.6%)、116例(55.5%)、104例(49.8%)、43例(20.6%)。209例高血压患者中,在过去7 d内,总是能够遵医嘱正确使用降压药、戒烟限酒者分别为126例(60.3%)、118例(56.5%);焦虑评估结果,152例(72.7%)"无症状",抑郁评估结果,98例(46.9%)"无症状"。针对高血压患者自我管理的影响因素,选择缺乏自我保健知识103例(49.3%),嫌麻烦不能依从92例(44.0%),经济因素88例(42.1%)。结论北京郊县农村地区高血压患者的疾病控制状况不佳,自我管理现状较差,医务人员对高血压患者的自我管理教育重视不够,亟须制定适用于郊县农村地区高血压患者的自我管理策略。Objective To investigate the status of self- management of hypertensive patients in Beijing rural area. Methods Using convenience sampling method, we enrolled 209 hypertensive patients in Jingzhuang Town, Yanqing County,Beijing. From May to August in 2014,questionnaire surveys were conducted,and the questionnaire content included general condition,the status of education or suggestion on self- management of hypertensive patients provided by health workers,the status of patients＇ self- management,emotional disorder state and influencing factors for self- management. Height,body weight and blood pressure were measured on field. A total of 209 questionnaires were distributed,and 209 effective questionnaires were collected with an effective returning rate of 100. 0%. Results Among the 209 hypertensive patients,154（ 73. 7%）patients measured height,body weight and blood pressure,and there were 79（ 51. 3%） patients with normal body weight,45（ 29. 2%） patients with overweight and 30（ 19. 5%） patients with obesity; there were 52（ 33. 8%） patients with normal hypertension,66（ 42. 9%） patients with grade- 1 hypertension,30（ 19. 5%） patients with grade- 2 hypertension,and 6（ 3. 8%） patients with grade- 3 hypertension. Among 209 hypertension patients,the numbers of patients who had not received education or suggestion of self- management in the aspects of diet, exercise, management between work and rest, emotion management,blood pressure monitoring,and compliance with prescribed medication were 69（ 33. 0%）,85（ 40. 7%）,135（ 64. 6%）,116（ 55. 5%）,104（ 49. 8%） and 43（ 20. 6%）. Among the 209 hypertensive patients,the number of patients who followed doctors＇ advise on hypertensive drugs and cigarette quitting and alcohol limit were 126（ 60. 3%） and 118（ 56. 5%）; anxiety assessment result was 152 cases（ 72. 7%） ＂ asymptomatic＂,depression assessment result was 98 cases（ 46. 9%） ＂ no symptoms＂. In terms of the influencing factors for the self- manageme

关 键 词：高血压 自我管理 农村 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]