西北地区盆山构造演化及其控煤作用分析  

Basin-range tectonic evolution and its coal-controlling action in Northwest China

作　　者：江涛[1] 刘占勇[1] 程磊[1] 李晖[1] JIANG Tao LIU Zhanyong CHENG Lei LI Hui(The First Prospecting Bureau of China National Administration of Coal Geology, Handan 056004, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国煤炭地质总局第一勘探局,河北邯郸056004

出　　处：《煤田地质与勘探》2016年第5期1-9,共9页Coal Geology & Exploration

基　　金：中国工程院"煤炭资源可持续发展战略研究"(2012-ZD-10-3);国土资源部"全国煤炭资源潜力评价"(1212011121043)~~

摘　　要：通过对中新生界的地层完整性、不整合分布与类型变化、沉积建造三方面的系统对比分析,在构造层序划分基础上,重点论述了西北地区中新生代盆山构造演化及其控煤作用。认为,西北地区盆山构造格局历经多期构造运动后快速定型于喜山运动中晚期。西北地区中新生代构造演化受控于南部各板块的依次北向多期碰撞,地层缺失和不整合的向南增加是南部构造挤压远、近程效应下的被动响应。印支运动期"围裹型"和"夹板型"盆地在规模级次和构造形态上的显著分异奠定了煤炭空间分布和构造变形分异的基础。高峰聚煤事件发生于构造引张–弱挤压下盆山"趋同"演化"广盆"发育阶段,"围裹型"和"夹板型"盆地的煤炭资源分别呈环状、线状分布于盆山过渡斜坡带。"围裹型盆地"煤系变形的"向心"环状分异和"夹板型盆地"煤系变形的"向轴"带状分异的主因是挤压能量从盆缘向盆内的逐级递减。The paper discussed emphatically the basin-range tectonic evolution and its coal-controlling action duringMeso-Cenozoic in Northwest China through systematic analysis and comparison of formation integrity, unconformitydistribution and its type variety, sedimentary formation and on the basis of tectonic sequence division,concluding that, Current tectonic framework of basin-range system in Northwest China was shaped rapidly inmid-late period of Himalayan movement. The Meso-Cenozoic tectonic evolution of Northwest China was controlledby multiple northward collisions from the south, the southward increase of formation unconformity and lacunawas totally the passive responses to the long-range and short-range tectonic compression from the south. Thesignificant difference in scale and shape between “surrounded -type basins” and “sandwiched-type basins” duringIndosinion movement has laid the differentiation foundation of spatial distribution and structural deformation ofcoal resources. Peak coal accumulation took place in the period of convergent evolution of basin-range system in aweak compressional or weak extensional stress field, while extensive basin highly developed. Coal strata deformationwhich presents centripetally circular differentiation in “surrounded-type basins” and axially banded differentiationin “sandwiched-type basins” is dominated by the stress energy decreasing gradually from edge to inside.

关 键 词：西北地区 "围裹型"和"夹板型"盆地 构造演化 控煤作用 

分 类 号：P618.11[天文地球—矿床学]