国家公园体制与我国保护地资源规制的变革  

Revolution of National Park System and Resource Regulation of China's Protected Land

作　　者：胡咏君[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2016年第3期126-134,共9页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：国家公园体制是我国大力推进生态文明建设的重要内容之一。国家公园体制不局限于体制讲体制,而是一整套国家公园资源的规制安排。在构建资源规制基本框架的基础上对现有保护地资源规制现状和问题进行剖析,从资源规制的主体和客体、理念和职能目标、规制手段等方面,对国家公园试点方案出台后的资源规制体系变革进行判断。研究发现,国家公园体制在推进规制主体的统一,在资源权属、规划管控、监督和管理、协调保护与经营的关系等方面进行了改进和提升。未来国家公园体制将进一步推动我国保护地资源规制的变革,应破除中央政府与地方政府之间、不同政府部门之间、跨区域跨流域管理主体之间、管理者(资源保护)与经营者(经营开发)之间、管理机构和旅游者之间、管理机构和民间组织之间的体制机制障碍;应完善国家公园法律体系,统筹国家公园规划体系,建立国家公园标准体系,设立国家公园底线指标;应建立资源属地政府依法规制的引导和监督机制;在资源保护和提供公益服务前提下,调整利益关系,规范市场行为,让市场行为朝着有益于资源保护和公益服务的方向发展。National park system is an important part of China＇s ecological civilization progress. Not confined to a system, it is a complete set of regulations and arrangements of national part resources. The current situation and problems of existing protected lands were analyzed on the basis of resource regulation framework establishment. The reform of resource regulation system after the introduction of the pilot national park program was evaluated from the perspectives of subjects, objects, notions, function goals and regulatory measures. It is found that the national park system has been improved and promoted in the unification of subjects, resource ownership, planning control, supervision, management, coordinated protection and operation. To advance the reform of resources regulation of China＇s protected lands, the future national park system should break down barriers between the central and local governments, those among different government sectors, those among management subjects of cross-regional and inter-basin protected lands, those among managers （conservation） and operators （operation and development）, those among management agencies and tourists, and those among management institutions and non - government organizations. It is suggested we should improve the legal system, planning system, standard system, bottom line indicators of national parks. The guiding and supervision mechanism should be established in local government of protected lands according to law. Under the premise of protecting resources and providing public services, market should be guided to serve the resource protection and public interest through coordinating interests and adjusting market behaviors.

关 键 词：国家公园 资源规制 变革 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济]