基于线粒体Cyt b基因的中国南方唇(Hermibarbus labeo)和间(Hermibarbus medius)种群分化及亲缘地理研究  

Population diversity and phylogeography of Hemibarbus labeo and Hemibarbus medius in South China

作　　者：蓝昭军[1,2] 范明君[1,3] 黄小林[1,4] 赵俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省水产健康安全养殖重点实验室,广东省高等学校生态与环境科学重点实验室,广州市亚热带生物多样性与环境生物监测重点实验室,华南师范大学生命科学学院,广州510631 [2]韶关市水产研究所,韶关512006 [3]深圳华大水产科技有限公司,深圳518083 [4]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广州510300

出　　处：《生态学报》2016年第19期6091-6102,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31372178);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费资助(201303048);广东省科技计划项目(2015A070706009)

摘　　要：为了解中国南方唇(Hermibarbus labeo)和间(Hermibarbus medius)的种群分化、亲缘地理格局及物种有效性,作者对唇8个水系及间9个水系共148尾样本的Cyt b基因全序列进行了测定。在所有序列中,共有128个变异位点,共检测出了41个单倍型,单倍型多样性为0.954,核苷酸多样性为0.02153。基于Cyt b基因全序列构建的NJ树显示,中国南方的唇与间合聚为两大支,其中韩江和九龙江的全部唇样本组成了Ⅰ支,而其他水系的唇和间样本则组成了Ⅱ支。两支系间的遗传距离为5.1%,而唇和间之间的遗传距离为3.2%。现有证据不支持间与唇达到种一级的分化。单倍型网络图显示,韩江、九龙江种群和其他水系的种群分化较大;海南岛三大水系种群和漠阳江种群的单倍型分支与代表珠江水系单倍型的分支之间的亲缘关系较近,与其他地理区间种群的亲缘关系则相对较远;西江可能为珠江水系、漠阳江水系和海南岛三大水系间种群的扩散中心,其中一支往东向北江和东江扩散;另一支往南向海南岛扩散,海南岛三大水系种群尔后在冰期海退时向北扩散至漠阳江水系及珠江水系。AMOVA分析表明,唇和间地理区之间变异约占54.50%,地理区内种群间变异约占18.64%,种群内的变异占26.86%,这说明,唇和间种群Cyt b的遗传分化主要是来自地理区之间。错配分析及中性检验显示,全部种群、唇种群、间种群在历史上均没有发生过明显的扩张,两个mt DNA支系亦未发生过扩张,而海南岛的昌化江种群曾发生过种群扩张。Hemibarbus labeo and Hemibarbus medius （Cypriniformes：Cyprinidae：Gobioninae：Hemibarbus） are primary freshwater fish species, and their wide distribution makes them ideal models for phylogeographical studies. In this study, variations in the population genetics and phylogeographical patterns of 148 specimens belonging to 8 populations of H. labeo and 9 populations of H. medius collected from 17 drainage systems in south China were investigated using the nucleotide sequences of the mtDNA Cytochrome b gene （1140 bp）. The results reveal 128 variable sites （11.23%） within the gene sequences of H. labeo and H. medius. A total of 41 haplotypes were identified, with the haplotype diversity （h） and nucleotide diversity （π） being 0.954 and 0.02153, respectively. This indicates a high level of genetic diversity and evolutionary potential in both species. The results of the neighbor-joining tree demonstrate that H. labeo and H. medius individuals fall into two major clades （clade I and clade II）：clade I is composed of all specimens collected from the Hanjiang and Jiulongjiang Rivers, all of which were identified as H. labeo. Meanwhile, all remaining populations fell into clade II, which includes specimens of both H. labeo and H. medius. The genetic distance between clade I and clade II was 5.1%, while that between H. labeo and H. medius was 3.2%. Our results indicate that the specimens collected from these sampling localities may not be differentiated into two or more subspecies. The haplotype network indicates that the populations of the Hanjiang and Jiulongjiang Rivers exhibit a relatively high level of genetic variation compared to that of the rest of the rivers in the region, and that the populations from Hainan Island and Moyangjiang River were genetically close to those from the Pearl River System, but not to those from the Yangtze River System,Hanjiang River, Jiulongjiang River, Minjiang River, Oujiang River and Qiantangjiang River. The H. medius populations of south China seem to have

关 键 词：唇 间 种群分化 亲缘地理 细胞色素B基因 中国南方 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]