控释尿素不同比例配施对水稻生长及土壤养分的影响  

Effects of Different Proportion of Controlled-release Urea on Rice Growth and Soil Nutrient

作　　者：王晓琪[1] 朱家辉[1] 陈宝成[1] 杨杰[1] 周华敏[1] 张为涛 杨修一 张民[1] 

机构地区：[1]土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室,山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2016年第4期178-182,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家“948”项目(2011-G30);国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD11B01)

摘　　要：采用水稻大田小区试验,以普通尿素为对照,在相同施氮条件下,研究了控释尿素和普通尿素不同比例配施、不同控释期控释尿素不同比例配施对土壤养分、水稻产量和氮素利用率、经济效益等方面的影响。结果表明,2个月控释尿素和3个月控释尿素掺混后,氮素释放速率适中,能够为水稻提供较为稳定的氮素来源。肥料施入大田后,不同控释期控释尿素配施使土壤硝态氮、铵态氮和碱解氮含量维持在较高水平,更有利于水稻中后期氮素供应。较普通尿素而言,控释尿素配施提高了水稻株高,水稻产量增加了4.08%~16.99%,氮肥利用率提高了7.11%~46.75%,水稻增收793.87~3 582.90元/hm^2。本试验条件下,以40%2个月控释尿素与60%3个月控释尿素配施综合效果最好。A rice field plot experiment was carried out to study the effects of the combined application of controlled release urea with different release rates, on soil nutrients, rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency, the economic benefits and so on. The common urea was taken as control. The results showed that, the combination of 2-month and 3-month controlled release urea had a moderate release rate, which could provide a stable source of nitrogen for rice. The combined application of controlled release urea with different release rates improved the contents of soil nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen to supply enough nitrogen during middle-late stages of rice growth period. Compared with common urea, different controlled release urea treatments improved rice plant height, increased the rice yield by 4.08% to 16.99%, increased nitrogen use efficiency by 7. 11% to 46.75%, and increased income by 793.87 to 3 582.90 yuan per hectare. Under this experimental condition, the combination of 40% 2-month controlled release urea and 60% 3-month controlled release urea got the best comprehensive effect.

关 键 词：控释尿素 水稻 土壤养分 产量 氮肥利用率 

分 类 号：S146[农业科学—肥料学] S511[农业科学—农业基础科学]