巢湖5种鱼类肌肉部位有机氯农药分布特征研究及风险评估  

Distribution features and risk assessment of OCPs in muscle parts of five fishes from Chao Lake

作　　者：徐彪[1] 孙丙华[1] 姜珊[1] 吴唤玲[1] 李进华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥230601 [2]合肥师范学院生命科学学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2016年第5期19-22,共4页Journal of Biology

基　　金：基金项目:湿地典型持久有机污染物检测(2012YQ22011308)

摘　　要：为了了解不同食性鱼类不同肌肉组织的有机氯农药（OCPs）富集特征,探讨鱼类监测背部肌肉取样的合理性及巢湖鱼类有机氯农药风险。通过索氏提取—磺化去脂—层析柱净化—旋转蒸发和氮吹浓缩—气相色谱与质谱联用仪分析的方法,对巢湖5种鱼类的4个不同肌肉部位的六六六（HCHs）和滴滴涕（DDTs）质量分数进行了分析。结果表明：巢湖5种鱼类肌肉部位的OCPs的平均浓度为2.929-10.523 ng/g。其中肉食性鲶鱼（10.523 ng/g）〉植食性鲢鱼（6.407 ng/g）〉肉食性乌鳢（4.514 ng/g）〉杂食性青鱼（3.390 ng/g）〉杂食性鲫鱼（2.292 ng/g）。整体上呈现出肉食性鱼类（鲶鱼）〉植食性（鲢鱼）〉杂食性（青鱼等）的特点。鲶鱼和乌鳢的尾上肌肉、鲢鱼和鲫鱼的腹部肌肉OCPs含量显著高于其背部肌肉富集含量。背部肌肉不能完全代表整个鱼体肌肉的富集特征。建议在鱼类肌肉OCPs含量分析时选择各肌肉部位的混合样品来进行分析。巢湖鱼类体内的六六六和滴滴涕估算每日摄食量远低于国家标准所规定的每日摄食量。食用巢湖鱼类产生有机氯农药危害的风险较低。In order to understand the tissue accumulation of OCPs in five different diet fishes of Chao Lake,and to probe into the rationality of back muscle sampling method and the organochlorine pesticide risk of Chao Lake,we analyzed the concentrations of HCHs and DDTs in four muscle parts of five fish species from Chao Lake by the following methods of soxhlet extraction,sulfonate degrease,chromatographic column purification,rotary evaporation,nitrogen blow concentration,and analysis by GC / MS. Results showed that the average concentration of OCPs was from 2. 929 ng / g to 10. 523 ng / g. Specifically,concentrations in different fishes were listed as below： catfish（ 10. 523 ng / g）〉 chub（ 6. 407 ng / g） 〉snakeheaded fish（ 4. 514 ng / g） 〉black carp（ 3. 390 ng / g） 〉crucian（ 2. 292 ng/g）. OCPs in upper tail muscles（ from catfish and snakeheaded fish） and belly muscles（ from chub and black carp） were both significantly higher than those in back muscles. It was estimated that daily concentrations of HCHs and DDTs from species fish Chao Lake was far lower than daily food intake from national standard. In conclusion,concentrations of OCPs in typical fishes of Chao Lake appeared that carnivore fishes 〉phytophagous fishes 〉polyphagia fishes. The accumulation of OCPs in back muscle was just one of the features of OCPs in entire fish muscles.

关 键 词：巢湖 鱼类 有机氯农药 富集 分布特征 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4