北方白菜型冬油菜越冬率、产量及相关性状杂种优势分析  

Heterosis Analysis of Overwintering Rate,Yield and Related Traits of Brassica Rape Winter Rape in the North China

作　　者：卢晶[1,2] 张金文[1,2] 刘海卿[2,3] 宋展树 乔岩[1,2] 王志伟[1,2] 王克婧 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省油菜工程技术研究中心,甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [4]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2016年第9期2020-2026,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省高等学校基本科研业务费专项;甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室开放基金(GSCS-2012-03)

摘　　要：为进一步研究利用白菜型冬油菜的杂种优势,对12个白菜型冬油菜杂交组合的越冬率、主要农艺性状和产量的超亲优势和超标优势进行了分析。结果表明,12个杂交组合的7个性状共出现了74次超标优势,优势率为88.10%,47次正向超亲优势,优势率为55.95%。不同性状的超亲优势率出现差异较大,其中产量、株高、单株角果数、越冬率、分枝数具有很强的正向超亲优势,优势率分别为91.67%、83.33%、66.67%、58.33%、58.33%。角粒数和千粒重性状超亲优势较弱,其中单株角果数对籽粒产量的贡献最多,因此在配制优良杂交组合时应首先选择的目标性状是单株角果数,其次是株高、越冬率和分枝数。在12个杂交组合中,陇9×陇7在单株角果数、越冬率、分枝数性状上为最好的杂交组合;鉴166×陇7在单株角果数、株高、产量方面为较好的杂交组合;陇9×鉴44在越冬率、单株角果数、产量性状上为优良的杂交组合。综上,陇9为综合性状较好的母本,陇7为综合性状较优的父本。To further investigate and use the heterosis of Brassica rape winter rape,over-parent heterosis and over-standard heterosis including winter survival rates,main agronomic traits and yield of Brassica rape winter rape by constructing 12 hybrid crosses were analyzed in this study. The results showed that there were 74 times over-standard heterosis and 47 times over-parent heterosis in 7 main traits of 12 hybrid crosses,and the heterosis ratio were 88. 10 % and 55. 95 %. Among 7 main traits,the different traits had different heterosis,the yield,plant height,siliques per plant,overwintering rate and the number of branches had strong heterosis and the heterosis ratio were 91. 67 %,83. 33 %,66. 67 %,58. 33 %,58. 33 % respectively,but it was weak the over-parent heterosis of seeds per silique and 1000-seeds mass,the siliques maybe had more contribution to the yield,therefore,the first target trait was siliques per plant in grouping with excellent hybrid crosses,followed by plant height,overwintering rate and the number of branches. In 12 crosses,Long 9 × Long 7 was best cross in number of siliques per plant,overwintering rate,and the number of branches; jian 166 × Long 7 was good cross in number of siliques per plant,plant height and yield; Long 9 × jian 44 was excellent cross in overwintering rate,number of siliques per plant and yield. Long 9 was comprehensive excellent female parent and Long 7 was comprehensive excellent male parent.

关 键 词：白菜型冬油菜 杂种优势 越冬率 农艺性状 产量 

分 类 号：S334.5[农业科学—作物遗传育种]