新疆沙湾地区土壤重金属污染及潜在生态风险的评价  

Assessment of heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risks of soils in Shawan of Xinjiang

作　　者：赖营帅 马媛媛[1] 王卫[1] 王淑芬[2] 洪成林[1] 石磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学化学化工学院/新疆兵团化工绿色过程重点实验室,新疆石河子832003 [2]石河子大学理学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期518-523,共6页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21267020;21467026);石河子大学应用基础研究青年项目(400380101)

摘　　要：为了评价沙湾地区土壤重金属的潜在生态风险和污染程度,本研究共采集土壤样品70个,测定土壤Zn、Mn、Cr、Cu、Pb、Ni、As、Cd和Hg共9种重金属含量,并采用单因子污染指数、内梅罗综合污染指数和潜在生态风险指数法。结果表明,研究区土壤Zn、Mn、Cr、Cu、Pb、Ni、As、Cd和Hg的平均含量分别为102.13、873.60、98.69、50.08、22.56、29.28、15.54、0.51、0.053 mg/kg,均低于国土壤环境二级标准,但都超过新疆土壤背景值,其中Cd和Hg最为明显。经单因子污染指数和内梅罗综合污染指数评价,不同重金属元素污染程度大小顺序为Cd>Hg>Cr>Cu>Zn>As>Mn>Pb>Ni,所有采样点均受到不同程度的重金属污染,轻度污染、中度污染和重度污染所占比例分别为28.57%、18.57%和52.86%。潜在生态风险评价结果显示,Cd和Hg达到较高生态风险,其余重金属均为轻微生态风险,研究区整体存在高生态风险。该研究将为研究区重金属污染治理、生态风险防范和产业结构布局提供理论依据。70 soil samples were collected from Shawan in Xinjiang, which were used to analyze the concentrations of nine metals（Zn, Mn, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, As, Cd and Hg）. The single factor pollution index, Nemerow integrated pollution index and Hankanson potential ecological risk index were employed for element contamination and ecological risk assessment. The results showed that the average concentrations of Zn, Mn, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, As, Cd and Hg were 102.13 mg/kg, 873.60 mg/kg, 98.69 mg/kg, 50.08mg/kg, 22.56 mg/kg, 29.28 mg/kg, 15.54 mg/kg, 0.51 mg/kg and 0.053 mg/kg, respectively. Although all the concentrations were lower than the threshold values of the National Environment Quality Standard for soil, all of them were higher than background values of soil in Xinjiang, especially Cd and Hg. The single factor pollution index revealed that the level of heavy metal pollution in the soils was in the order of Cd〉Hg〉Cr〉Cu〉Zn〉As〉Mn〉Pb〉Ni. The Nemerow integrated pollution index revealed that slight pollution level, moderate pollution level and heavy pollution level accounted for 28.57%, 18.57% and 52.86%, respectively. The potential ecological risk showed that the potential ecological risk of Cd and Hg reached high level, while the others were minor,and a high ecological risk existed in the study areas. This research provided theoretical basis for the control of the heavy metal pollution, and the improvement of the ecological environment and industrial structure.

关 键 词：重金属 风险评价 污染指数 沙湾 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]