炼油污泥的热化学清洗处理  

Treatment of refinery sludge by thermochemical cleaning process

作　　者：林翰志 晏波[1] 肖贤明[1] 李宁[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室和广东省环境资源利用与保护重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《化工环保》2016年第5期547-552,共6页Environmental Protection of Chemical Industry

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2014B090901040;2014B0303 01060);广东省省级环保专项资金项目(粤财工2014-176号)

摘　　要：以广西省某炼化企业污水处理系统的炼油污泥为研究对象,采用热化学法对其进行清洗处理。对比了含油率的测定方法,对8种药剂进行筛选和复配,同时通过正交实验确定清洗工艺参数,并对重金属污染物进行分析。实验结果表明:8种药剂中Na2Si O3的清洗效果最好,而复配药剂(Na OH与Na2Si O3的质量比为1∶5)的清洗效果优于单一Na2Si O3;在清洗温度70℃、搅拌转速350 r/min、搅拌时间30 min、复配药剂质量分数5.0%、液固比3∶1的最佳工艺参数下,单级洗油率为63.6%,三级洗油率为69.4%、残油率为15.6%;清洗前后炼油污泥中Zn,Mn,Cu,Cr等重金属含量均超过GB 15618—1995《土壤环境质量标准》三级标准限值。The refinery sludge discharged from the sewage treatment system of a refinery in Guangxi province was treated by thermalchemical cleaning process. The determination methods of oil content were contrasted. 8 kinds of agents were selected and compotmded. The process parameters were determined by orthogonal experiments. The heavy metal pollutants were analyzed. The experimental results show that： In the 8 kinds of agents, Na2SiO3 has the best cleaning effect, while the cleaning effect of compound agent （the mass ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 is 1 ： 5） is better than that of single Na2SiO3; Under the optimum process parameters of cleaning temperature 70℃,se 350 r/min, stirring time 30 min, compound agent mass fraction 5.0% and liquid-to-solid ratio 3 ： 1, the oil removal rate of the single-stage process is 63.6%, and the oil removal rate of the three-stage process is 69.4% with 15.6% of residual oil rate; The contents of heavy metals such as Zn, Cu, Cd and Cr in the refinery sludge before and after cleaning are exceeding the third grade standards of GB 15618-1995.

关 键 词：炼油污泥 热化学法 清洗 工艺参数 油回收 

分 类 号：X742[环境科学与工程—环境工程]