生物炭及炭基肥对油麦菜生长及吸收重金属的影响  

Effect of biochar and biochar based fertilizer on growth of Lactuca sativa L. and absorption of heavy metals

作　　者：刘冲[1,2] 刘晓文[1] 吴文成[1] 蔡信德[1] 梁啸[1] 李云标[1] 南忠仁[2] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广东广州510655 [2]兰州大学资源环境学院,西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃省环境污染预警与控制重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2016年第10期3064-3070,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51178209,91025015,41501337);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(lzujbky-2015-138,lzujbky-2015-214)

摘　　要：以水稻土和油麦菜为供试对象,通过盆栽试验研究了水稻秸秆生物炭和炭基肥对农田土壤物理化学性质,油麦菜生长及吸收Cd,Cu,Pb和Zn的影响.结果表明,稻杆炭及其炭基肥的施入可改善土壤理化性质,除铵态氮外各项指标均明显提高,油麦菜地上部生物量呈增加趋势.油麦菜各部位Cd,Cu,Pb和Zn的含量均随处理水平呈递减趋势,且根系>茎叶,其中,高剂量炭基肥处理降低效果最佳,油麦菜茎叶Cd,Cu,Pb和Zn最高可分别降低34.78%、29.37%、46.59%和40.95%;油麦菜各部位对Cd,Cu,Pb和Zn的富集随处理水平呈递减趋势,而茎叶对Cd,Cu和Zn的转运系数呈增加趋势,稻秆炭及其炭基肥的施用均能显著减少油麦菜可食部位对Cd,Cu,Pb和Zn的吸收.A pot experiment was conducted out for paddy soil and lettuce to study the effects of amendment of biochar and biochar based fertilizer on growth of lettuce and absorption of heavy metals. The results indicated that rice straw biochar and biochar based fertilizer could promote the growth of lettuce and improved soil physical and chemical properties except NH4＋-N. Heavy metals content of various parts of lettuce decreased with treatment and the order of heavy metals content in different plant tissues was rootshoot. There was a distinct reduce of heavy metals after the application of high dose of biochar based fertilizer and Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn content of lettuce leaf could be reduced by 34.78%, 29.37%, 46.59% and 40.95%, respectively. Bioaccumulation factors of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in different plant tissues of lettuce showed a decreasing trend while transfer coefficient of Cd, Cu and Zn in shoot increased with treatment. Biochar and biochar based fertilizer could significantly inhibit the absorption and accumulation of heavy metals in lettuce in paddy soil.

关 键 词：生物炭 改良 重金属 修复 固定 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]