动物胚胎育种及应用中的技术策略  

Technical Strategies of Animal Embryo Breeding and Its Application

作　　者：李延鹤 刘军[1,2,3] 张涌 权富生[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物医学院,杨凌712100 [2]农业部动物生物技术重点实验室,杨凌712100 [3]陕西省动物胚胎工程技术研究中心,杨凌712100

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2016年第10期1954-1960,共7页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划课题(2011AA100303);陕西省农业科技攻关项目(2014K02-07-02)

摘　　要：随着动物分子育种及动物胚胎工程技术的发展,生产、选择具有预期基因型的胚胎,已经成为现实。动物胚胎育种或动物胚胎工程技术育种将成为动物育种中一个重要的技术途径和手段。动物胚胎育种研究主要包括:(1)动物育种方案中胚胎工程技术的应用及应用中的技术选择和优化;(2)不同类型动物胚胎育种体系的建立及育种方案实施过程中防止群体近交等问题的研究;(3)动物胚胎育种遗传进展和生物安全等方面的科学评估。动物胚胎育种在应用方面的技术策略可归纳为几个方面:以扩繁为策略的胚胎育种;以转基因或基因修饰为策略的新品种创制育种;以品种种质资源保存和利用为策略的动物胚胎保种。动物胚胎育种是对传统动物育种理论的发展和完善,也是胚胎工程技术应用于畜牧生产中的体现,在加快动物遗传改良、本品种选育以及新品种培育等方面具有广阔的应用前景。With the development of animal molecular reproduction and embryo engineering technology,the production of genetically superior offspring has become a reality.The embryo engineering technology of animal embryo reproduction has been becoming an important technical approach in animal reproduction fields.The studies of animal embryo breeding include：1）the selection and optimization of embryo engineering technology in animal breeding program;2）the establishment of different systems of animal embryo breeding and the solution exploration of the issues of animal breeding such as inbreeding avoidance;3）the scientific assessment of genetic progress and biosafety in animal embryo breeding.The applications of these technological strategies in animal embryo breeding can be summarized as following：the purebred breeding through expanding group of outstanding individuals;the breeding of new varieties by transgene or gene modification technique;the breeding conservation by using animal germplasm resources.The technology of animal embryo breeding is the development and improvement of the traditional animal breeding theories,as well as the reflection of animal embryo biotechnology application in real animal production.This animal embryo breeding technology has broad application prospects in accelerating the development of animal breeding,the breeding selection,and cultivating new varieties.

关 键 词：动物育种 动物胚胎工程技术 动物扩繁 基因修饰 动物保种 

分 类 号：S814[农业科学—畜牧学]