不同产圈模式对母猪繁殖性能及应激水平的影响  

Effect of Different Modes of Farrowing Pens on Reproductive Performance and Stress Level of Sows

作　　者：张校军[1] 王占彬[1] 鲍伟光[1,2] 高乾坤[1] 万熙卿 顾宪红[1] 郝月[2] 崔艳军[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学动物科技学院,洛阳471003 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [3]北京清泉湾养猪有限公司,北京102104

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2016年第10期2027-2036,共10页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD39B02);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS07)

摘　　要：旨在研究不同产圈对母猪繁殖性能及应激水平的影响,以期探究一种能在实际生产中推广应用的福利友好型哺乳母猪饲养模式。选取胎次相同,妊娠期、体况相近的24头二元杂交母猪（大白×长白）,随机分为3个处理组,即限位栏产圈＋高床组（Farrowing crate＋high bed group,FCB,n=8）、自由产圈＋高床组（Freedom farrowing pen＋high bed group,FFPB,n=8）、自由产圈＋部分发酵床地面组（Freedom farrowing pen＋partially fermented bed surface group,FFPF,n=8）。在母猪预产期的前7d将其转入不同的产圈,分娩后第21天仔猪断奶。结果显示：1）FFPB、FFPF母猪分娩时长显著低于FCB（P〈0.05）,FFPB母猪分娩间隔显著低于FCB（P〈0.05）;FFPB母猪血液催产素（Oxytocin,OT）及催乳素（Prolactin,PRL）含量有升高的趋势（P〈0.10）。2）在母猪转入产房后第2天,FFPB和FFPF母猪腰部体表温度显著低于FCB（P〈0.05）。在分娩后第7天,FFPB与FFPF母猪唾液α-淀粉酶（α-amylase,AMY）含量显著低于FCB（P〈0.05）。在分娩后第14天,FFPF母猪唾液AMY含量显著低于FCB（P〈0.05）,FCB母猪唾液皮质醇（Cortisol,COR）有明显升高的趋势。结果表明：在分娩当天,自由产圈母猪血液繁殖激素含量升高,产程及分娩间隔时间减少;分娩后的1~2周内,自由产圈母猪应激水平明显降低,更接近福利友好型哺乳母猪饲养模式。This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different patterns of farrowing pens on reproductive performance and stress level of sows,in order to explore a kind of welfare and friendly feeding mode of lactating sows that could be popularized and applied in practical production.Twenty-four hybrid sows（Large White × Landrace）which had same parity,similar pregnancy and body condition were randomly assigned to 3treatments：farrowing crate＋high bed group（FCB,n=8）,freedom farrowing pen＋high bed group（FFPB,n=8）and freedom farrowing pen＋partially fermented bed surface group（FFPF,n=8）.The 7th day before farrowing,sows were transferred to different patterns farrowing pens.The 21 st day after farrowing,piglets wereweaned.The results showed that：1）farrowing time in FFPB and FFPF was significantly lower than in FCB（P〈0.05）;average farrowing interval in FFPB was significantly lower than in FCB（P〈0.05）;the levels of blood plasma oxytocin（OT）and prolactin（PRL）in FFPB showed an increasing trend（P〈0.10）.2）The 2nd day after transferation of sows to farrowing pens,waist surface temperature in FFPB and FFPF was significantly lower than in FCB（P〈0.05）.The 7th day after farrowing,salivaryα-amylase（AMY）level in FFPB and FFPF was significantly lower than in FCB（P0.05）.The 14 th day after farrowing,salivary AMY level in FFPF was significantly lower than in FCB（P〈0.05）,and cortisol（COR）level in FCB showed increasing trend（P〈0.10）.These results indicated that：at the day of farrowing,reproductive hormones levels in freedom farrowing pens were increased while farrowing duration and average farrowing interval were reduced.Within 1to 2weeks after farrowing,stress level in freedom farrowing pens was obvious decreased,indicating freedom farrowing pens were more close to the welfare and friendly feeding mode of feeding sows.

关 键 词：产圈 母猪 繁殖性能 应激 

分 类 号：S828.2[农业科学—畜牧学]