核桃树茎流速率及土壤水动态分布规律的研究  

A Study on Stem-flux of Walnut Tree and Dynamic Distribution of Soil Water Under Different Irrigation Method

作　　者：赵付勇 赵经华[1] 白云岗 洪明[1] 马英杰[1] ZHAO Fu-yong ZHAO Jing-hua BAI Yun-gang HONG Ming MA Ying-jie(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052 Xiniiang Water Resources Research Institute, Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆水利水电科学研究院,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2016年第10期34-38,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大专项(201130103-1);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011Bad29B05);新疆水利科技项目(2013G03);新疆水利水电工程重点学科基金项目(XJZDXK-2002-10-05)

摘　　要：为了探究南疆核桃树更加适合哪一种微灌灌水方式,以新疆阿克苏地区红旗坡新疆农业大学林果试验基地内7a生核桃树作为研究对象,通过不同灌水方式处理条件下,研究核桃树树干的茎流速率变化规律、土壤水动态分布规律和核桃产量及品质,来对比出较为适合核桃树的灌水方式。结果表明,滴灌灌水方式下土壤水的动态分布形态更加吻合核桃树树根的分布;在滴灌灌水方式下的核桃树树干茎流速率比涌泉灌大11.91%以上,且水分利用率上滴灌相对涌泉灌高了35.71%,总产量要比涌泉灌灌水方式的总产量多35.82%。在品质上,滴灌的核桃脂肪含量达到了68.20%,要比涌泉灌灌水方式下核桃脂肪含量大了2.10%。综合表明滴灌较为适合用于灌溉南疆核桃树。In order to study the best irrigation method for the region of southern Xinjiang, this test takes the 7th walnut tree as the research object to study stem-flux, dynamic distribution of soil water, and the quality of walnut in the fruit experimental base of Xin jiang Agricultural University to find out the most suitable irrigation method in the field. The results show that under drip irrigation method, the dynamic distribution of soil water is more consistent with the distribution of the roots; the stem-flux, the water use effi eiency, and the total yield are higher than those under bubble irrigation by 11.91%, 35. 71%, and 35. 82%, respectively; the fat content of walnut under drip irrigation reaches 68.20%, which is larger than that under bubble irrigation by 2. 10%. So it can be concluded that drip irrigation is better for walnut tree in the southern Xinjiang.

关 键 词：灌水方式 茎流速率 土壤水分布 核桃树 滴灌 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]