自噬及其作用的相对性  

Autophagy:divergent effects on disease

作　　者：占贞贞[1] 陈祥[2] 张赟恺 刘星光[2] ZHAN Zhen-zhen CHEN Xiang ZHANG Yun-kai LIU Xing-guang(Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, China National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences , SecondMilitary Medical University, Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属东方医院转化医学研究中心,上海200120 [2]第二军医大学基础部免疫学教研室暨医学免疫学国家重点实验室,上海200433

出　　处：《第二军医大学学报》2016年第10期1189-1194,共6页Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University

基　　金：上海市"创新行动计划"基础研究项目(14JC1405200)~~

摘　　要：自噬,"自我吞噬",即细胞能够吞噬包裹细胞自体成分或外来病原体,用于降解、清除或能量循环。这一现象所涉及的两个重要阶段——自噬体形成和溶酶体降解内容物,其发现及机制分别获得了2016年和1974年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖,彰显这一生命现象的重要性。从酵母到人类细胞,自噬这一保守的细胞过程均发挥着重要的生理功能。自噬功能异常会导致很多病理性改变,与感染、肿瘤、神经退行性改变及缺血性疾病等都有着密切和重要的关系;并且在不同疾病或同一疾病的不同病理阶段,自噬发挥着复杂甚至相对的作用。Autophagy,or cellular sel--eating,is a cellular pathway involving the engulfment of intracellular organelles or pathogens,leading to protein and organelle degradation,elimination of pathogens or energy recycling. The two important steps of autophagy , the discovery of autophagosome formation and organelle degradation in lysosome,have won the 2016 and 1974 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,respectively,which indicates the great significance of autophagy.The primordial and vital function of autophagy is preserved in all eukaryotic organisms,from yeast to humans.Autophagic dysfunction can result in diverse pathological changes ,and is closely associated with microbial infection,cancer , neurodegeneration and ischemic diseases.Moreover, autophagy plays complicated and even divergent roles in different types of diseases, cells, conditions and pathological processes.

关 键 词：自噬 分子机制 疾病 相对作用 

分 类 号：Q28[生物学—细胞生物学] R329.28[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]