交会对接成像敏感器的光点筛选改进  

Improvement of Spot Screening in Rendezvous and Docking Image Sensors

作　　者：魏高乐[1] 高进[1] 陈朝晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京控制工程研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《飞行器测控学报》2016年第4期270-275,共6页Journal of Spacecraft TT&C Technology

摘　　要：首先介绍了交会对接成像敏感器图像光点匹配算法。基于对在轨图像光点动态特性的研究,为解决交会对接过程中目标误识别、误匹配,以及匹配、适配过程严重耗时的缺陷,提出了光点形状筛选和光点大小分组2套匹配改进算法,并设计了基于光点形状大小动态特性改进的光点匹配算法。该方法以交会对接走廊中不同相对距离时目标光斑大小的最大差别为依据,针对每一个光点,仅将光斑大小与其在同一合理范围内的其他光点一起进行目标匹配。实验结果表明,该方法杜绝误匹配等异常错误的同时,极大地提高了运算效率。该方法可以成为在轨交会对接末段制导实时测算的重要保障,目前已在众多航天器在轨交会对接、空间交会逼近试验中使用。The algorithm of spot matching in RVD （Rendezvous and Docking） image sensor is first introduced. To overcome the defects of wrong identification, wrong matching and time over-consumption, two new matching meth-ods based on the shape and size of spot is proposed following study of the characteristics of on-orbit image during RVD. The new algorithm with the two methods only selects the light spot with reasonable length to width ratio, and based on the maximum size difference between different spots during the whole RVD mission, every spot is matched together with other spots only with approximate value of size. The algorithm not only puts an end to wrong matching but also increases the efficiency of image processing. It plays a significant role in real-time computation for terminal guidance in many RVD missions.

关 键 词：交会对接 光点匹配 成像敏感器 模式识别 

分 类 号：V445.8[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]