2002～2013年辽宁省8855例病残儿鉴定资料分析  

Analysis of data of 8855 disabled children who accepted medical authentication from 2002 to 2013 in Liaoning Province

作　　者：关长吉 韩维田 倪香 梁悦 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省计划生育科学研究院,沈阳110031

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2016年第10期668-672,681,共6页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

基　　金：出生缺陷一级预防干预工程辽宁省重大科技项目(2012225017)

摘　　要：目的：通过了解辽宁省病残儿鉴定相关疾病情况,探索减少病残儿的出生的对策。方法：对辽宁省病残儿数据库中2002-2013年的病残儿信息资料的疾病种类、类型、顺位、地区分布、危险因素等进行统计,应用SPSS统计软件进行分析。结果：调查时段参加鉴定的全省病残儿总数为8855人,性别比为248.50。有302种疾病,前6位为脑性瘫痪、智力低下、继发性癫痫、先心病、大脑发育不全和儿童孤独症,构成比分别为16.22%、10.06%、6.84%、6.44%、3.24%和3.03%。先天性的疾病占76.17%,后天的疾病占23.83%。母亲孕期感染患病、胎儿异常娩出情况、异常的分娩方式、母亲本次妊娠合并症是导致病残儿发生的主要危险因素。结论：病残儿鉴定中,遗传性疾病比例高,因此控制遗传性或可能与遗传有关疾病是降低病残儿出生的有效办法,实施孕前优生健康检查,加强孕期保健管理对减少病残儿的出生具有重要意义。Objective： To explore measures and ways to reduce disabled children born by studying related disease situation of children who accepted medical authentication in Liaoning Province. Method： An epidemiological study had been performed to explore disease categories, types, rankings, area distribution, and risk factors of the disabled children from the disabled children database of Liaoning Province during 2002-2013. The comprehensive statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS software. Result： The total number of disabled children who accepted medical authentication in Lia oning province was 8855 during 2002-2013. The gender ratio was 248.5. There were 302 kinds of diseases in these chil dren, and the top six diseases were cerebral palsy, mental retardation, secondary epilepsy, congenital heart disease, cerebral agenesis and childhood autism, which percentages were 16.22%, 10.06%, 6.84%, 6.44G, 3.24% and 3. 03%, respectively. Among them, the congenital diseases accounted for 76.2% and the acquired diseases accounted for 23.8 %. Maternal infection during pregnancy, fetal abnormal labor, unusual mode of delivery, and pregnancy complication were the main risk factors for disabled children. Conclusion： The hereditary diseases accounted for a high propor tion in the medical authentication of disabled children. Therefore strengthening the control of the hereditary diseases and the diseases related to heredity is an effective way to reduce the incidence of the disabled children. Meanwhile, con ducting pre-pregnaney physical examination and strengthening the management of pregnancy healthcare can reduce the birth of the disabled children significantly.

关 键 词：病残儿 病因 流行病学 医学鉴定 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]