不同固定剂对土壤中镉砷钝化修复效果研究  

Effects of different soil amendments on the immobilization and remediation of cadmium and arsenic in soil

作　　者：卢美献 李方圆[1] 张超兰[1] 李传章[2,3] 杨惟薇[1] 张静静[1] 黄河[1] 吴海霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学环境学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西壮族自治区环境监测中心站,广西南宁530028 [3]广西大学生命科学与技术学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《广西大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第5期1667-1675,共9页Journal of Guangxi University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41061045);广西自然科学基金资助项目(2014GXNSFAA18039;2015GXNSFEA139001);广西科技攻关项目(桂科合14125008-2-30)

摘　　要：为了探究不同固定剂对镉和砷复合污染土壤的修复效果,以蚕沙炭（BC）、硅酸钙（Si）和硫酸亚铁（Fe）为材料,通过土培实验研究了不同处理在28 d平衡时间内对土壤基本性质和土壤中镉（Cd）、砷（As）有效态含量的影响。结果表明：单施1%（质量百分比）硫酸亚铁（Fe）和0.5%硫酸亚铁＋0.5%蚕沙炭（Fe＋BC）的处理可显著降低了土壤的p H值。单施1%硅酸钙（Si）、单施1%蚕沙炭（BC）、0.5%硅酸钙＋0.5%蚕沙炭（Si＋BC）、0.33%硅酸钙＋0.33%硫酸亚铁＋0.33%蚕沙炭等处理（Si＋Fe＋BC）则显著提高了土壤的p H值。除了Fe处理外,其他处理均提高了土壤有机碳含量,增加幅度为5.52%-26.95%。Si＋BC和Fe＋BC处理显著增加了土壤阳离子交换量（CEC）,增加幅度分别为43.07%和20.62%,Si＋Fe和Si＋Fe＋BC处理却显著降低了土壤CEC含量,降低幅度为16.06%和14.59%。Fe和Fe＋BC处理极显著降低了土壤有效态As含量,分别降低了48.06%和33.75%;单施硅酸钙、单施蚕沙炭、硫酸亚铁＋蚕沙炭处理显著降低了土壤有效Cd含量,分别降低了19.56%、14.29%、33.32%。相关分析结果表明,土壤p H值与土壤有效态As含量呈显著正相关关系,土壤中Cd的有效态含量与土壤CEC含量呈较好的显著负相关关系。综合考虑各处理对土壤中Cd、As的钝化效果,Fe＋BC处理对复合污染土壤中Cd、As的钝化效果最佳,降低土壤有效态As含量为33.75%、降低土壤有效态Cd含量为33.32%。In order to study the remediation effects of different soil amendments on soil combined pollution with cadmium and arsenic, the effects of different soil amendments[（ biochar （silkworm excrement） , calcium silicate, ferrous sulfate] on soil properties and available Cd and As contents in soils were studied over 28 d. The results showed that the pH value of the soil was significantly de-creased with the application of ferrous sulfate and ferrous sulfate plus biochar. In contrast, the appli-cation of calcium silicate, biochar, calcium silicate plus biochar, and the combination of the three material applied could significantly increase the pH value of the soil. Organic carbon content in soil increased by 5. 52% -26. 95% with all treatments, except the use of ferrous sulfate. Thus, the soil CEC content was significantly increased by 43. 07% and 20. 62% with the application of calcium silicate plus biochar and ferrous sulfate plus biochar. And the soil CEC content was significantly de-creased by 16. 06% and 14. 59% with the application of calcium silicate plus ferrous sulfate and mixed of three materials applied. The available As content in soil decreased significantly by 48. 06%and 33. 75% with the application of ferrous sulfate and ferrous sulfate plus biochar. The available Cd content in soil decreased significantly by 19. 56%、14. 29%、33. 32% with the treatment of calci-um silicate, biochar, and ferrous sulfate plus biochar. The correlation analysis showed that the available As content was significantly and positively correlated with the pH value of the soil. The available Cd content of soil was negatively correlated with the CEC content. Considering all remedia-tion effects of various processes, the treatment of ferrous sulfate plus biochar showed the best re-sults, which made the available As content in soil decreased by 33. 75% and the available Cd con-tent decreased by 33. 32%.

关 键 词：重金属有效态 生物炭 硅酸钙 硫酸亚铁 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]