港口海域油污染生物修复研究  

Research on the bioremediation of oil-polluted seawater in harbors

作　　者：黄耀明 侯登勇[2] 罗群[2] 沈先荣[2] 吕立明 何颖[2] 王庆蓉[2] 刘琼[2] 蒋定文[2] 刘玉明[2] 陈伟 李珂娴[2] 

机构地区：[1]海军军港监督环境监测站,北京100841 [2]海军医学研究所

出　　处：《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》2016年第4期288-290,共3页Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine

摘　　要：目的：为港口海域油污染提供一种有效的生物修复手段。方法通过将分离获得的4株海洋油污染降解菌按比例混合，构成高效降解菌群，并将菌群固定在一种可降解可漂浮的生物固定载体上，制备成一种海洋油污染生物修复菌剂。利用围油栏在港口海域围成海水池，在海水池中加入柴油和原油混合物，模拟海洋环境油污染。在模拟油污染池中加入生物修复菌剂和亲油营养剂，进行生物修复。结果生物修复15 h后，肉眼观察对照池中还有较大量的浮油，生物修复栏中几乎看不到浮油。降解率测定结果显示生物修复的油污染去除率达到96．7％。结论制备的海洋油污染生物修复菌剂能快速高效地降解海洋油污染物。Objective To provide an effective method for the bioremediation of seawater contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbon in harbors.Methods Four marine diesel-degrading strains isolated from diesel-polluted seawater were mixed proportionally to form an efficient bacterial consortium,and the consortium was immobilized on a floating and biodegradable carrier.The mixture of diesel and crude oil were added to the seawater pool which was constructed with an oil containment boom for the simulation of oil-polluted seawater in the harbor.The bacterial consortium formulation and oleophilic fertilizers were added to the seawater pool for bioremediation.Results Observation by the naked eye revealed that there was no obvious floating oil on the sea surface in the bioremediation pool,while there was plenty of floating oil in the control pool after 15 h.Test results showed that the degradation rate was as high as 96.7%.Conclusions The prepared bacterial consortium could effectively biodegrade oil pollutant in the harbor in a short time.

关 键 词：海洋 油污染 生物修复 菌剂 降解率 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]