腰椎坚强固定后邻近节段的有限元法生物力学分析  

Biomechanical Study of Adjacent Segment of Rigid-stabilized Lumbar Spine using Finite Element Meth-od

作　　者：郝剑 姚进[1] 朴哲[1] 郝钊[2] 王奇[1] 牛文鑫[3] 

机构地区：[1]天津市南开医院骨科,天津300100 [2]解放军第425医院,三亚572000 [3]北京航空航天大学生物与医学工程学院生物力学与力生物学教育部重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《中国中西医结合外科杂志》2016年第5期475-478,共4页Chinese Journal of Surgery of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine

摘　　要：目的:探讨腰椎坚强固定后邻近节段的有限元法生物力学分析。方法:通过逆向工程原理建立L3-L5运动节段坚强固定三维有限元模型,模拟腰椎节段运动,研究坚强固定的生物力学特征。结果:建立了L3-L5椎体三维有限元模型,通过定量和定性验证了其有效性。通过对建立的腰椎坚强和动力固定的有限元模型进行生物力学分析,模拟结果显示:实验组L3-4活动度明显减小,小关节处应力集中消失,均匀分布在双侧椎弓根,椎间盘压力前屈时减小40.6%且分布较均匀,后伸减小41%,侧屈受压侧椎间盘压力减小76%,轴向压缩无明显改变,但是分布趋于均匀。结论:腰椎坚强固定后邻近运动节段椎间盘、双侧椎弓根和小关节存在很大的应力集中,可能是导致坚强固定后邻近节段退变加速的生物力学基础。Objective To study the biomechanics of adjacent segment due to the insertion of the rigid spinal stabilization system using a finite element.Methods A detailed L3-L5 level three dimensional nonlinear finite element model was established. The model was then fused at the L4-5 level and analysed.Results A finite element model of the spinal segments（L3-L5） was developed. Biomechanical analysis was done between rigid and dynamic spinal stabilization system,and the simulation results suggested that the implant caused a reduction in range of motion of the instrumented level,stress concentration on the facet joint disappear and distribute uniformly in the bilateral pedicle. The intervertebral disc at the L3-4 level was unloaded by40.6% in flexion, by 41% in extension, and by 76% in lateral flexion, while no variations in pressure were caused by the device in axe.Conclusion Stress concentration was found on the facet joint,bilateral pedicle and intervertebral disc of adjacent motion segment after rigid stabilization.This may cause the adjacent segment degeneration accelerated after fusion.

关 键 词：三维有限元 坚强固定 运动节段 生物力学 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]