基于煤疏中质组分的泡沫炭制备与机理  

PREPARATION AND MECHANISM OF CARBON FOAM BASED LOOSE MEDIUM COMPONENT OF COAL

作　　者：秦志宏[1] 常鹏[2] 邓兵 陈航[2] 卜良辉[2] 周丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学化工学院,煤炭加工与高效洁净利用教育部重点实验室 [2]中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏徐州硕士生221116 [3]卡特彼勒(徐州)有限公司,江苏徐州硕士221004

出　　处：《煤炭转化》2016年第4期85-91,共7页Coal Conversion

基　　金：教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(博导类)资助项目(20130095110006);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51274201);国家自然科学基金-煤炭联合基金资助项目(U1361116)

摘　　要：以煤萃取反萃取分离所获得的疏中质组分为原料,通过简单的炭化过程制备了泡沫炭并进行了石墨化处理.采用热重分析、傅立叶红外光谱、扫描电镜与透射电镜以及压汞仪等对原料的结构特征、热反应性质及产品特性进行了分析表征.结果表明,煤疏中质组因其在分离的同时并行发泡,形成微纳尺度下的泡状结构,且分子质量中等,灰分极低,有较强的黏结性能,是制备煤基泡沫炭的优良前驱体;经塑型和炭化后所制得的泡沫炭主要由球形"泡"和超薄"泡壁"构成三维立体结构,泡孔密集且连续排布,泡沫炭孔隙率最高可达81.32%.疏中质组中最主要的作用力是氢键作用,是导致萃取反萃取过程析出疏中质组分结构疏松并呈现泡状结构的最主要原因;疏中质组本身的微纳级泡状结构,使其成为炭化过程中生成的热解气体的聚集地,并由此推动泡孔不断长大,从而形成所需要的泡沫炭泡孔结构.By simple carbonization processes and graphitized,the carbon foams were prepared from the loose medium component which was separated from raw coal by the method of allcomponents group separation.Structure characteristics,thermal reactivity of materials and properties of products were analyzed by thermogravimetric analyzer（TGA）,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,transmission electron microscope（TEM）and mercury porosimeter,and so on.The results show that the loose medium component foam during the process of separation and form the micronano foam pore structure.The loose medium component,which not only has the intermediate molecular weight and a very low ash content,but also has good cohesiveness which can be qualified to be an excellent carbon foams precursor.The spherical pores and ultrathin walls of the pores themselves constitute the three dimensional structure of carbon foams which was prepared by moulding and carbonization.The distribution of the pores is intensive and consecutive.The maximum porosity of carbon foams can attain 81.32%.The hydrogen bonding interaction is the main force in the loose medium component and it＇s the major cause for the loose and bubble structure of loose medium component which was extracted through extraction and stripping process.The micronano foam pore structure itself hold the pyrolysis gases during the process of carbonization and prompt the increase of the pores to form the foam pore structure for carbon foams that ware needed.

关 键 词：萃取 反萃取 全组分族分离 疏中质组 泡沫炭 炭化 

分 类 号：TQ530[化学工程—煤化学工程]