用GPS观测资料解算地球自转参数的方法及影响因素分析  

Estimation of the ERPs Based on GPS Data and the Analysis of the Impact Factor

作　　者：王新静[1,2] 袁运斌[1] 潭冰峰 宋敏[1] 刘腾[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所大地测量与地球动力学国家重点实验室,武汉市430077 [2]中国科学院大学,北京市100049

出　　处：《大地测量与地球动力学》2016年第10期902-906,共5页Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics

基　　金：国家973计划(2012CB825604);国家自然科学基金(41231064,41104012,41021003);中国科学院、国家外国专家局创新团队国际合作计划(KZZD-EW-TZ-05)~~

摘　　要：研究利用GPS观测资料解算ERP参数的方法。首先,利用全球近100个均匀分布、站址稳定的IGS测站的GPS观测数据解算地球自转参数,并将其与IGS相应产品进行比较,结果显示该解算方案可靠。其次,从实验数据和数理表示方面分析ERP参数解算过程中的轨道约束方案、先验ERP信息、站坐标数量对解算精度的影响,给出一些提高ERP参数解算精度的建议:对ECOM光压模型9参数中径、法向(D、Y)4个周期项采取相对宽松约束、随机脉冲参数采取紧约束,解算效果更佳;降低ERP先验信息对解算精度的影响,重点在于提高UT1-UTC的预报值精度;利用100个跟踪站数据解算,可达到解算效率和解算质量均最佳的效果。ERP is a necessary parameter in the transformation between the ITRF and ICRS. The paper introduces a method of solving the ERP parameters based on GPS data. First, about 100 global uniform and stable distributed IGS stations are selected for the calculation of the solution, and then we make comparisons between the solution sequence from the experiment and the IGS final-solution sequence. Second, we analyze the impact factor of the solution quality from the aspect of experimental data and mathematical derivation during processing, including the constraints for the orbit, the precision of the prior ERP information, and the quantity of the chosen station. We then make a proposal for improving the ERP solution quality based on the analysis, freely constrain the four periodic dynamic parameters in the directions D, Y of ECOM model, and the strongly constrained stochastic pulse can achieve a better result. The key to reducing the influence of the prior information in the processing is to improve the precision of predicted UT1-UTC; 100 stations in the processing is a good choice to achieve the best efficiency and quality in the calculation.

关 键 词：地球自转参数(ERP) 极移 日长变化 影响因素 解算质量 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]