纳米SiO_2/交联聚苯乙烯复合材料的合成及性能  

Preparation and Properties of Cross-Linked Nano-SiO_2/Polystyrene Composites

作　　者：柯昌凤[1] 李琳[1] 刘文元[1] 段荔[1] 付红梅[2] 陈昌华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北核技术研究所,陕西西安710024 [2]西北工业大学理学院,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2016年第10期7-11,共5页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

摘　　要：以气相纳米二氧化硅为填料,交联聚苯乙烯（CLPS）为基体,采用原位本体聚合法制备了不同二氧化硅含量的SiO_2/CLPS复合材料,并利用透射电镜、红外光谱、差示扫描量热分析、热重分析和动态力学分析等技术对材料微观结构、热性能和介电性能进行了研究。结果表明,SiO_2质量分数不超过2%时,SiO_2颗粒以5~7 nm的粒径均匀地分散于交联聚苯乙烯基体中,聚合物基体与SiO_2产生较强的界面作用,形成了介电性能优异的纳米复合材料,介电常数和介电损耗分别保持在2.48~2.50和（4~8）×10-4之间;随着SiO_2含量进一步增加,材料的介电损耗显著增大,复合材料动态储能模量和玻璃化转变温度随SiO_2含量增加呈先上升后下降的趋势,在SiO_2质量分数为2%时达到最高,复合材料的玻璃化转变温度较纯CLPS有明显提高。In order to improve the comprehensive property of cross-linked polystyrene（ CLPS）,including thermal properties and mechanical performance,CLPS / nano-SiO_2 composite materials were prepared by free radical crosslinking copolymerization,with styrene as monomer and divinylbenzene as crosslinker. The structures of SiO_2/ CLPS composites were characterized by FT-IR and TEM. The results show that nano-SiO_2 particles with the average size of 5 ~ 7 nm are well dispersed in the cross-linked polystyrene matrix with excellent compatibility between the organic and inorganic components. The thermal properties were studied by DSC and TG. The results show that the thermal stability is increased firstly and then decreased with the increasing content of nano-SiO_2 in the composites. The dynamic mechanical properties of SiO_2/ CLPS composites were studied by DMA. The results demonstrate that the storage modulus and the glass transition temperature of the composites attain the maximum at around 2% of the nano-SiO_2 mass fraction and then are decreased with the increase of nano-SiO_2 content. The dielectric constant at 9. 3 GHz changes little with the nano-SiO_2 content,stably lying between 2. 48 and 2. 54,while the dielectric dissipation factor is greatly enhanced with the increasing nano-SiO_2 content,from as low as（ 4 ~ 8） × 10^-4for the nano-SiO2 mass fraction less than 2%,to 7 × 10^-3when the nano-SiO_2 mass fraction is elevated to 6%.

关 键 词：交联聚苯乙烯 气相纳米SiO2 纳米复合材料 介电性能 

分 类 号：TQ325.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]