半定量评估法在节能灯生产行业职业危害风险评估的应用  

Occupational hazard risk assessment with Singapore exposure semi-quantitative evaluation methods in energy-saving lamp industry

作　　者：阮晓颖[1,2] 傅红[2] 张旭慧[3] 杨章萍[3] 王菁[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共卫生学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]杭州市职业病防治院 [3]杭州市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《预防医学》2016年第11期1114-1118,1122,共6页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：杭州市医疗卫生科研项目(20130633B38)

摘　　要：目的应用新加坡职业暴露半定量评估法评估节能灯生产行业的职业危害风险,为风险管理提供参考依据。方法应用新加坡职业暴露半定量评估法,结合某市3家不同生产规模的节能灯生产企业现场调查的实际情况,对接触化学性职业危害因素的岗位进行风险评估,根据评估结果提出风险管理对策。结果节能灯生产企业存在的主要化学性职业危害因素为一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氧化铝粉尘、乙酸丁酯、汞和水泥尘,存在于割管、弯管、上粉、配粉、轧丝、封口、接桥、注汞、老练和上胶等岗位。除接触汞的健康危害等级为5级外,其余化学物质健康危害等级均为2级。除大型企业的注汞岗位危害风险等级为中等风险外,其余岗位均为低风险及以下。结论新加坡职业暴露半定量评估法综合考虑职业危害因素的危害水平和暴露情况,能较客观地反映作业场所的实际风险水平。Objective To explore and establish an appropriate occupational risk assessment model for energy- saving lamp industry in China,and further to provide reference for risk management. Methods Based on actual conditions on site of 3different scale energy- saving lamp manufacture factories,Singapore exposure semi- quantitative evaluation methods was used to analyze and evaluate the harm of the work sites contacted with chemical factors,according to which can provide a proposal for risk management. Results The primary occupational chemical hazards in these 3 factories include carbon monoxide,carbon dioxide,aluminium oxide dust,butyl acetate,mercury metal（ vapor） and cement dust（ free Si O2〈10%）. Mercury- injecting of the big scale one has medium risk besides all work sites have low risks or below. Conclusion This methods has confirmed the actual risk levels of the work sites,using the test data in work place,but has a shortage while the sites contacted with physical agents such as noise and heat.

关 键 词：职业暴露 节能灯 风险评估 风险管理 半定量 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]