水平型产业空间集群的区位型态与区位结构识别——基于中国19个主要产业的实证分析  

Identification of Location Pattern and Location Structur in the Horizontal Industrial Spatial Cluster——A Case Study of 19 Main Industries in China

作　　者：王鹏[1] 周轩[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学经济学院

出　　处：《产经评论》2016年第5期51-65,共15页Industrial Economic Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目"基于空间关联的产业集群脆弱性形成机理;综合测度及优化调控研究"(项目编号:71673112;主持人:王鹏);广东省哲学社会科学规划项目"高技术产业空间集聚与区域技术创新效率的互动机理及实证研究"(项目编号:GD15XYJ27;主持人:王鹏);广东省人文社会科学重点研究基地与经纬粤港澳经济研究中心科研项目"粤台高科技产业合作模式及其影响因素研究"(项目编号:37714001004;主持人:王鹏);广东省财政科研公开择优课题"基于五大发展理念的广东财政改革发展创新研究"(项目编号:G201612;主持人:王鹏);广州市建设国家级科技思想库研究课题专项"广州市科技服务业促进创新驱动发展战略实施的政策支撑体系研究"(项目编号:2016SX014;主持人:王鹏)

摘　　要：以中国19个主要产业的城镇法人单位数和就业人数为研究对象,结合水平型产业空间集群的空间型态识别,分析基于水平生产关系的产业在不同空间单元的不均等分布现象。为解决空间单元间临近性问题,运用LQ指标(区位熵指标)以及G指标反映产业和空间之间的临近程度对空间单元的重要性,以此共同识别和分析水平型产业空间集群的区位型态,划分区位结构。研究结果表明:2010年和2014年中国主要产业的核心区位数变化极小,外围区位数基本不变,对应的就业人数有所下降,非水平型产业空间集群区位的数量有所增加,对应的就业人数有所下降。当区位具有水平型产业空间集群效果后,变化率较低,转移至非集群效果区位的比例更低,而非集群效果的区位更易维持在相同的区位型态。属于水平型产业空间集群的区位主要在水平空间集群间转移,约有半数产业位于核心-外围结构内,其中约有40%的产业属于高核心区位结构产业,60%的产业属于高集群区位结构产业。在两年度中,区域极化的效果越来越明显,超过60%的水平型空间集群产业位于东部地区,并且其重要区域也主要集中于东部地区。This paper took the number of industry corporate units and employment of 19 main industries in China as research object,combined with identification of spatial patterns of horizontal industrial spatial cluster,and analyzed the unequal distribution of industry in different spatial units based on horizontal production relation. At the same time,in order to solve the problem of unit space near,the paper used the LQ index( location quotient index) to reflect the importance of industry in space unit,as well as G index to reflect the importance of space in the proximity of spatial units. Using the two indices,the paper jointly identified and analyzed the location patterns of horizontal industrial spatial cluster,and classified and identified the location structure. The research results show that: In 2010 and 2014,China's major industrial core area number changes are minimal and the number of peripheral location is basically unchanged,the corresponding employment number has declined,the number of non horizontal industrial spatial cluster location has increased,and its corresponding employment has declined. When the location has the effect of horizontal industrial spatial clustering,the change rate is low. The proportion of transferred to location of the non- cluster effect is lower,and the location of the non- cluster effect is more easily maintained in the same location. The clustering location of horizontal industrial spatial cluster is mainly transferred between horizontal spatial clusters,in which about 40% of the industry belongs to the industry of high core location structure,60% of the industry belongs to the industry of high clustering location structure. In the two years,the regional polarization effect is more and more obvious,more than 60% of the industry of horizontal spatial cluster is located in the eastern region,and its important areas are also mainly concentrated in the eastern region.

关 键 词：水平型产业空间集群 区位型态 区位结构 区位熵指标 G指标 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]