某160t桁架式双梁门式起重机静态和动态特性研究  

Static and Dynamic Characteristics Study of a 160-ton Double Girders Truss Crane

作　　者：谭云波[1] 郑哲文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学,长沙410004

出　　处：《机械工程师》2016年第11期48-52,共5页Mechanical Engineer

摘　　要：基于ABAQUS分析软件建立了某1601桁架式双梁门式起重机的三维结构模型,并对其在典型工作位置和载荷条件下的静态强度、刚度和动态特性进行了分析和校核,同时还综合考虑了起升质量、起吊位置、单/双小车和小车刚性等因素对模态性能的影响,并且校核了该系统的动态刚度,结果表明：前14阶固有频率范围为1.39-15.63 Hz,对应的模态振型主要沿着、垂直和绕羞主梁导轨的方向,该起重机的动刚度为4.5 Hz ,略高于规定的4 Hz.此外,进行振动分析时,需要同时考虑小车质量及其对整体刚性的影响,而起升质量下降,固有频率明显增加,双车协同作业对起重机系统振动特性规律的影响较为复杂,当小车处于距离梁端L/6 时,前几阶固有频率均增大.分析结果对该起重机的可靠性分析和改进型设计有实际参考价值,同时为其他的工程机械设计分析提供了可行的方法和手段.Three-dimensional finite element model of is established. ABAQUS is used to analyze the static strength,rigidity and dynamic characteristics of this crane in its working position and typical load conditions. During this process,the influences of lifting weight, lifting location, single and double cars, and the rigidity of the car on modal properties areanalyzed; especially the dynamic stiffness of the system is checked. The results show that the range of the first fourteenorder natural frequency is from 1.39 to 15.63Hz, and the corresponding mode shapes are mainly along the vertical railsand around the main beam direction. The dynamic stiffness of this crane is 4.5Hz, which is slightly higher than apredetermined 4Hz. In addition, during the process of vibration analysis, both the weight and rigidity of the car should beconsidered. The values of the natural frequency obviously increase with the decline in the quality of lifting, and complexeffects on the vibration characteristics of the crane occur as the double stroller collaboration. When the car is L/6 awayfrom the end of the beam, the first few natural frequencies increase. The above analysis results have practical referencevalue on the reliability analysis and improvement design of this crane, which also provides a feasible way for the designand analysis of other construction machinery.

关 键 词：起重机 桁架 动态刚性 模态分析 

分 类 号：TP391.7[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]