微卫星标记在人工养殖小体鲟种群的数据分析方法比较和遗传多样性分析  

Comparative methods of reading data derived from genetic diversity analysis by microsatellite loci in farmed sterlet Acipenser ruthenus population

作　　者：董颖[1,2,3] 杨瑞[1] 姜志强[1] 胡红霞[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]北京市水产科学研究所,北京100068 [3]渔业生物技术北京市重点实验室,北京100068

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2016年第5期516-521,共6页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD26B05);北京市鲟鱼;鲑鳟鱼创新团队(SCGWZJ20121102-1);冷水性鱼类科技创新团队(JNKST201611)

摘　　要：为获得可用于小体鲟Acipenser ruthenus种群遗传多样性分析的微卫星分子标记,采用跨种PCR扩增的方法从已发表的近缘种微卫星DNA标记引物中筛选得到13个具有多态性的位点,同时为了探讨更适合多倍体样品的微卫星数据读取方法,分别采用比例法和补齐法对微卫星数据进行分析。结果表明：两种数据读取方法的分析结果无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;本研究中选用补齐法对小体鲟种群遗传多样性进行分析,结果显示,小体鲟种群等位基因数（Na）从5个到30个不等,表观杂合度（H_O）范围为0.089 6-0.940 3,平均为0.648 0,期望杂合度（H_e）范围为0.085 2~0.912 6,平均为0.719 3,种群Hardy-Weinberg平衡遗传偏离指数（d）平均为-0.098 0,种群多态信息含量（PIC）平均为0.702 8;筛选得到的13个微卫星位点是适用于小体鲟种群遗传研究的具有多态性的良好分子标记。研究表明,被检测的小体鲟养殖种群存在一定程度的近交现象,建议通过引进不同来源亲本加以改善,以增加种群遗传多样性的丰富度。Thirteen microsatellite loci were amplified from sterlet Acipenser ruthenus using published cross-species primers for polymorphism analysis. A proportion method and a filling method were comparatively used for reading data derived from microsatellite in order to find the suitable method. The results showed that there was no significant difference（ P〉 0. 05） between the two methods so that filling method was chosen for the genetic diversity analysis in the following study. The observed number of alleles per locus was ranged from 5 to 30,and the levels of observed and expected heterozygosities for polymorphic loci were changed from 0. 089 6 to 0. 940 3 and from 0. 085 2to 0. 912 6,respectively,with average of 0. 648 0 and 0. 719 3. There was average Hardy-Weinberg departure value（ d） of-0. 098 0 and average polymorphism information content（ PIC） of 0. 702 8,indicating that polymorphic loci were all suitable molecular markers for genetic analysis of sterlet population. The genetic diversity analysis revealed that the test farmed sterlet population had inbreeding to a certain extent. It is suggested that the genetic diversity of the population be improved by introduction of different broodstocks.

关 键 词：小体鲟 微卫星 跨种扩增 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]