晚熟柑橘冬季落果成因及保果防落果新技术研究  

On New Technology of Fruit-Late Maturing Citrus fruit Retention and Fruit Drop in Winter

作　　者：冯洋 熊伟 黄明 彭良志[3] 李莉[4] 夏仁斌 淳长品[3] 孔文斌 陈伟 

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业技术推广总站,重庆401121 [2]巫山县特色经作生产管理站,重庆巫山404700 [3]中国农业科学院柑橘研究所,重庆400712 [4]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京1000125 [5]四川省泸州市经作站,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《西南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第10期32-38,共7页Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家引导类科技计划及专项(2014GXS4D144);"星火计划"重大项目(2012GA81100106);重庆市重大科技专项(CSTC;2007AA1016);重庆市现代特色效益农业产业技术体系专项(2015-04)

摘　　要：柑橘冬季落果,是晚熟柑橘发展和调整柑橘品种结构的关键瓶颈,运用柑橘营养诊断技术手段,通过柑橘营养检测数据分析、田间园艺性状调查和3年的田间试验证实,缺钾是越冬晚熟柑橘大量脱落的主要因素,缺素果园补钾至1.0%以上,可以防止冬季落果;柑橘钙钾拮抗导致的拮抗性缺钾,是防控越冬柑橘落果的关键点;研发的营养诊断指导补钾的保果防落技术方法,可以防止越冬柑橘果实脱落.现已成为重庆三峡库区晚熟柑橘冬季保果的核心技术,得到大面积推广应用.The key bottleneck of late maturing citrus development and adjustment of the structure of the varieties of citrus is winter Fruit Drop.In this paper,We adopt the method of nutrition diagnosis technology of citrus,citrus nutrition detection data analysis and field survey of horticultural traits.after three years of field test we confirmed that potassium deficiency is the main factor in late maturing citrus abscission.We found out that under deficiency situations supply potassium to more than 1%can prevent winter fruit drop;potassium deficiency caused by antagonistic between calcium and potassium is the key point of prevention and control of citrus fruit drop in winter;the method we developed,which supplies potassium under direction of nutrition diagnosis technology of citrus,can prevent citrus fruit dropping in the winter and has become the core technology of preventing winter fruit dropping for late maturing citrus and is in large scale applications in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.

关 键 词：晚熟柑橘 冬季 落果 形成机制 保果 营养诊断 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]