专利资助政策的创新与扩散：面向中国省份的事件史分析  

Innovation and Diffusion of China's Patent Subsidy Policy Among Provinces: An Event History Analysis

作　　者：朱多刚[1] 郭俊华[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院

出　　处：《公共行政评论》2016年第5期64-83,共20页Journal of Public Administration

摘　　要：为什么有些地方政府更倾向于政策创新?为什么不同的地方政府会采纳相同的政策?论文从内部决定和外部影响两个方面分析了科技创新资源、换届选举、面临问题的严峻性以及外部影响机制对专利资助政策扩散的影响。基于中国省级政府的实证分析发现,除了以换届为标志的政治周期对专利资助政策的扩散影响不显著外,无论是科技创新资源拥有量还是面临问题的严重性都不同程度地影响专利资助政策在省份之间的扩散。在外部影响因素中,国家层面的重大战略决策事件(加入WTO和颁布《专利法》)会对专利资助政策的扩散产生冲击,而邻近效应和全国扩散模式表现并不明显。上述研究发现对理解我国地方政府的创新扩散现象具有重要的现实意义,对丰富和拓展西方经典政策创新与扩散理论也有重要理论启示。Why do some local governments tend to promote policy innovation? Why different local governments adopt the same policy? This paper develops a theoretical framework of local government innovation and diffusion from the perspectives of internal determinants and external diffusion. Using this framework,the paper examines the roles of resources for technological innovation,the Party and government elections as well as the seriousness of the problems and external factors at play in the diffusion of patent subsidy policy. Data fromthirty one Chinese provincial- level authorities from 1999 to2007 were used to test the theoretical hypothesis with the method of event history analysis. The results suggest that apart from the political circle measured by Party and government elections,both the resources for technological innovation and the seriousness of the problems exert differentiated impacts on the diffusion of patent subsidy policy among provincial- level authorities. In terms of external factors,national- level events including China's entry into the WTO and establishment of the Patent Law,exert far-reaching impacts on the diffusion of the patent subsidy policy,while the neighbor effect and nationwide adoption are insignificant. This study is of great importance to our understanding of the policy diffusion among Chinese local governments and provides vital implications for enriching and extending classical theories in policy innovation and diffusion.

关 键 词：专利资助政策 创新扩散 省级政府 事件史 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]