颗粒物动态源解析方法综述与应用展望  

Overview of the development and application of multi-time resolution source apportionment for particulate matters

作　　者：高健[1,2] 李慧[1,2] 史国良[3] 丁爱军[4] 游志强[1,2,5] 张岳翀[1,2] 王涵[1,2] 柴发合[1,2] 王淑兰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]南京信息工程大学,江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心,南京210044 [3]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071 [4]南京大学大气科学学院,南京210093 [5]华南理工大学环境与能源学院,广州510641

出　　处：《科学通报》2016年第27期3002-3021,共20页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(91544226);国家自然科学基金(41375132);江苏省杰出青年科学基金(BK20140021);环保公益性行业科研专项(201409003);北京市科技计划(Z131100006113013)资助

摘　　要：颗粒物源解析技术是分析排放源与环境受体间关系的重要方法,也是颗粒物污染控制决策及控制措施评估的重要支撑工具.随着城市和区域空气质量长期持续改善和短期重污染过程应急双向需求的提出,颗粒物源解析技术也在经典方法的基础上逐渐改进,向在线高时间分辨率和复合源解析的方向发展.而颗粒物动态源解析是针对大气污染过程中颗粒物来源进行多时间分辨率动态解析的一种新方法.本文简要总结了实现颗粒物源解析动态化的主要技术途径;针对基于颗粒物化学成分在线观测、基于大气物理模型、空气质量模型等方法的颗粒物动态源解析技术路线进行了综述;总结了各种方法的优势和局限.根据目前的研究和管理需求,结合颗粒物动态源解析技术存在的问题,提出未来方法、模型研究和应用方向.Source apportionment is a key tool in establishing the relationship between the emission sources and receptors of particulate matters（PM）, and it also plays a vital role on providing technical support for PM pollution control policy and its effective evaluation. Recently, a multi-time resolution PM source apportionment technique（MTR SA）, based on the classic source apportionment method was developed as a new approach to explore the source, behavior and formation of PM during heavy pollution episodes, as well as to evaluate the effects of emergency control measures. In this study, three main methods of MTR SA are introduced, which based on the methods of receptor models combined with online observation of PM chemical composition. The atmospheric physical model method can be used to indentify the regional distribution and transporting characteristics of pollution sources. Combining with the classical source apportionment methods, the PM source apportionment in different air masses can be analyzed by this method, and it can investigate primary pollutants or tracers in different areas and industry sectors as well. Air quality model is a useful tool to simulate the regional air quality so as to identify the spatial distribution of the concentration of pollutants and to estimate the contribution of external pollution sources to the concentration of pollutants which can predict emission reduction in the future years. Methods of receptor model combined with online observation are more applicable to the classified quantitative analysis of the receptor particles. Atmospheric physical model and air quality model can not only provide high temporal resolution MTR SA, but also provide information about the spatial distribution and transmission pathways, which can offer decision-making basis for joint prevention and control of regional particles pollution. In order to meet the requirement of the current research and management demand, from three aspects of technology, science and application management, we put forward t

关 键 词：大气颗粒物 动态源解析 方法 应用 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]