秸秆饲料化预处理方式及其发酵抑制化合物的作用机理  

Straws as Feed: Pretreatment Methods and Action Mechanism of Fermentation Inhibitors

作　　者：李国栋[1,2] 赵圣国[1] 张养东[1] 郑楠[1] 李松励[1] 赵国琦[2] 王加启[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院,北京畜牧兽医研究所,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2016年第10期3051-3058,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31261140365);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(nycytx-04-01);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIPIAS12)

摘　　要：农作物秸秆作为一种资源丰富、来源广泛的生物质资源,在畜牧业和生物能源产业应用潜力巨大。但由于其复杂的化学组成以及抗性结构,使其不能直接高效地通过生物转化所利用。通过预处理可以降低秸秆纤维素的结晶度,提高秸秆的利用率。然而预处理过程不可避免地使秸秆在高温或化学催化作用下过度降解,并伴随着副产物的产生,对后续微生物发酵有抑制作用。本文综述了秸秆的稀酸、碱、蒸汽爆破以及生物预处理技术的研究进展,并对预处理副产物呋喃类衍生物、弱酸类和酚类化合物的产生与抑制机理作一综述。Crop straw as a rich biological source with various origins may be widely used in industries of husbandry and bioenergy.But at the same time,its complex chemical composition and recalcitrant structure makes the conversion process more cumbersome which adversely affects the utilization of straw.Therefore,crystallinity of fiber of straw can be degraded by pretreatment,and the utilization can be improved.While,over degradation unavoidably occurs under high temperature and chemical catalytic action,and by-products formed at the same time will inhibit the following microbial fermentation.This review focused on various aspects of commonly used pretreatment methods（dilute acid,alkali,steam explosion and biological pretreatments）,and production and inhibition mechanism of inhibitors（such as furans derivants,weak acids and phenolic compounds） of crop straw pretreatments.

关 键 词：农作物秸秆 预处理 抑制物 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]