地顶孢霉培养物对奶牛粗饲料瘤胃降解参数和微生物区系的影响  

Effects of Acremonium terricola Culture on Ruminal Degradation Parameters of Roughages and Microflora of Dairy Cows

作　　者：李洋[1] 张幸怡 张广宁[1] 王一臻 林聪[1] 徐宏建[1] 姜鑫[1] 刘帅[1] 张永根[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2016年第10期3238-3247,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：基金项目:国家奶牛产业技术体系(CARS-37)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究地顶孢霉培养物(ATC)对奶牛粗饲料瘤胃降解参数和微生物区系的影响。试验选用体重650 kg左右、装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的健康荷斯坦奶牛3头,采用3×3拉丁方试验设计分组。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加15(低剂量组)和30 g/(d·头)ATC的试验饲粮(高剂量组);试验共3期,每期27 d,其中预试期15 d,正试期12 d。测定羊草、玉米青贮、苜蓿的瘤胃降解参数和瘤胃微生物区系的变化。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,高剂量组能够显著提高玉米青贮干物质的有效降解率和慢速降解部分的降解速率(P<0.05);高剂量组羊草、玉米青贮、苜蓿中性洗涤纤维的有效降解率均显著高于其他2组(P<0.05),羊草中性洗涤纤维的慢速降解部分的降解速率和苜蓿中性洗涤纤维的可降解部分含量均显著高于其他2组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,高剂量组显著提高了玉米青贮粗蛋白质的有效降解率和快速降解部分含量(P<0.05),试验组显著提高了苜蓿粗蛋白质的有效降解率(P<0.05),高剂量组显著提高了羊草粗蛋白质的慢速降解部分和可降解部分含量(P<0.05),但并没有提高有效降解率(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,高剂量组显著提高了瘤胃中原虫数量及黄色瘤胃球菌、白色瘤胃球菌和普雷沃氏菌的相对含量(P<0.05),试验组显著提高了反刍兽新月单胞菌的相对含量(P<0.05),但高剂量组显著降低了产琥珀酸丝状杆菌的相对含量(P<0.05)。因此,本试验条件下,ATC能够调节奶牛部分瘤胃微生物的菌群数量并提高粗饲料的瘤胃降解率,其中以30 g/(d·头)添加量为宜。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Acremonium terricola culture（ATC） on ruminal degradation parameters of roughages and microflora of dairy cows.Three ruminally cannulated multiparous Holstein cows averaging 650 kg of body weight were used in a 3 × 3 Latin square design.Dairy cows in different groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 0（control group）,15（low-dose group） and 30 g/（d·cow）ATC（high-dose group）,respectively; The experiment consisted of 3 periods with 27 days per period,and each period consisted of a 15-day pre-test period and 12-day test period.The changes of ruminal degradation parameters of Chinese wildrye,corn silage and alfalfa hay,and ruminal microflora were determined.The results showed as follows： 1） compared with control group,effective degradability and degradation rate of fraction of slowly degraded of dry matter of corn silage in high-dose group were significantly increased（P〈0.05）; effective degradability of neutral detergent fiber of three kinds of roughages in high-dose group was significantly higher than that of the other groups（P〈0.05）,and degradation rate of fraction of slowly degraded of neutral detergent fiber of Chinese wildrye and degradable fraction content of neutral detergent fiber of alfalfa hay in high-dose group were significantly higher than those of the other groups（P〈0.05）; compared with control group,effective degradability and the content of fraction of immediately degraded of crude protein of corn silage in high-dose group were significantly increased（P〈0.05）,effective degradability of crude protein of alfalfa hay in test groups was significantly increased（P〈0.05）; the contents of fraction of immediately degraded and degradable fraction of Chinese wildrye in high-dose group were significantly increased（P〈0.05）,but effective degradability was not affected（P〉0.05）.2） Compared with control group,ruminal protozoal population and the relative contents of Ruminococcus flavefaciens,Ru

关 键 词：地顶孢霉培养物 奶牛 粗饲料 瘤胃降解率 微生物区系 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学] S816.7[农业科学—畜牧兽医]