美国总统职位缘何总是两党轮替？  

Why Does the American Presidency Alternate Between Republicans and Democrats？

作　　者：罗斯·科恩 陈丽 Ross Cohen

出　　处：《英语世界》2016年第11期13-21,共9页The World of English

摘　　要：两党轮替并非明文规定，但看起来却是实际情况。严格说来，任何党派均有可能赢得总统选举，但是美国政治青睐两党制。虽然美国的开国元勋们并没有在宪法里专门提到政治党派——事实上，他们在《联邦党人文集》中对政党概念提出了异议（他们称党派为“派系”）——政党却几乎在美国建国之初便立即形成。从那之后，共和党和民主党成为主要的两个政党，并利用其权力致使第三党派入主白宫的可能性微乎其微。It＇s not a requirement but it does seem .that way. Technically, any party can win a presidential election, but American politics favor a two party system. Although the Founding Fathers＇s made no mention of parties in the Constitution-and in fact argued against the idea in The Federalist Papers＇s （they called them ＂factions＂）--parties emerged almost immediately in the young republic. Since then, the Republicans and Democrats have become the two major parties and used their power to make a third party winning the White House highly unlikely.

关 键 词：美国总统 《联邦党人文集》 政治党派 职位 政党概念 总统选举 美国政治 开国元勋 

分 类 号：D771.2[政治法律—政治学]