从自然光合作用到人工光合作用  

From natural photosynthesis to artificial photosynthesis

作　　者：张纯喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院化学研究所光化学实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2016年第10期1101-1109,共9页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:20403024;30570423;20973186;31070216;91427303)资助项目

摘　　要：光合作用的光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)是自然界唯一能够利用太阳能高效、安全将水裂解,获得电子、质子并释放出氧气的生物系统,对其结构和微观原理的研究一直是光合作用研究领域的热点和难点.2011年以来PSⅡ的晶体结构研究取得突破性进展,其核心色素、辅基及水裂解催化中心(OEC)的空间结构均已被揭示,这为人工光合作用研究提供了重要的依据.最近本课题组成功合成出结构和理化性能均与生物OEC类似的人工Mn_4Ca-簇合物.这些进展为今后人工光合作用探索利用太阳能和水制备清洁能源的研究奠定了重要基础.本文对生物光系统Ⅱ和人工光合作用的最近研究进展进行了评述.In natural photosynthesis,photosystem Ⅱ（PSⅡ） is a unique biological system in nature to carry out the high efficiency and high safety water-splitting reaction driven by solar energy to generate electrons,protons and release dioxygen.Its structure and principle for energy conversion have been one of the most important and difficult topics in photosynthetic research.Since 2011,the breakthrough of the crystal structure of PSⅡ reveals the detailed structures of key chromospheres,cofactors and the catalytic center for water-splitting（OEC）,which provides a blueprint for the research of artificial photosynthesis.Recently,we have succeeded to synthesize the first artificial Mn_4Ca-cluster that has very similar structures and physicochemical properties as that of the natural OEC in PSⅡ.All these advances pave a new avenue for artificial photosynthesis to utilize the solar energy and water to generate clean energy in future.Here,recent advances on both biological photosynthesis and artificial photosynthesis have been reviewed.

关 键 词：光系统Ⅱ 光化学反应 水裂解反应 人工光合作用 Mn_4Ca-簇合物 

分 类 号：Q811[生物学—生物工程] Q945.11