网球训练对网球发球影响的生物力学研究  

Effect of training on tennis serve:a biomechanical study

作　　者：王会会[1] 纪仲秋[1] 姜桂萍[1] 张海龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学体育与运动学院,北京100875

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第5期658-662,共5页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(BLA150063)

摘　　要：网球发球是一项不受对方控制而且决定自己是否在比赛中占有主导地位的技术.选取北京师范大学体育与运动学院12名网球专项大学生为研究对象,将受试者分为实验组和对照组,实验组平均年龄(21.2±1.6)岁,身高(178.2±4.3)cm,体质量(70.4±3.2)kg;对照组平均年龄(21.3±1.8)岁,身高(177.9±4.1)cm,体质量(71.2±4.1)kg.在受试者参加训练前后,利用高速摄像机测试受试者的发球速度,利用肌电测试系统测试肌肉的放电情况,利用等速测试仪测试肩关节峰值力矩以及到达峰值力矩的时间.在各种训练相同的情况下,实验组利用弹力带对肩关节进行系统训练作为运动干预.2组同时进行3个月的网球训练.结果表明,弹力带训练提高了肩关节主动肌和对抗肌的肌肉力量、肩关节最大峰值力矩和快速力量(P<0.01),以及网球发球成功率.Tennis serve is a technique not controllable by the other party but determine who is in a dominant position in the game. Twelve （12） tennis special college students of physical education and sports were selected and divided into experimental and control groups. Experimental group had an average age of （21.2±1.6）, height of （178.2±4.3） cm, mass of （70. ±3.2） kg. Control group had an average age of （21.3±1.8）, height of （177. 9±4. 1） cm, and mass of （71.2±4.1） kg. Before and after subject participation in training, serve speed was measured by high-speed camera and radar veloeimeter. Muscle discharge was recorded by a Noraxon system. Peak torque and time to peak torque of shoulder ioint was measured by an isokinetic dynamometer. Under identical training conditions, the experimental group used elastic band to carry a systematic training for the shoulder joint as movement intervention. Both groups experienced three months of tennis training. It has been found that training of elastic band improved shoulder ioint strength of agonist muscle and antagonistic muscle, increased maximum peak torque and rapid strength （P〈0.01）. Elastic training improved success rate of tennis serve.

关 键 词：平击发球 弹力带 高速摄像DLT分析 等速测试 肌电分析 

分 类 号：G819[文化科学—体育学]