亚热带地区水稻(Oryza sativa L.)气孔臭氧通量和产量的响应关系  

Stomatal ozone flux-response relationships of rice(Oryza sativa L.)in subtropical area

作　　者：张继双[1,2] 唐昊冶[1] 刘钢[1] 朱建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2016年第10期1857-1866,共10页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：科技部国际科技合作与交流项目(2010DFA22770)

摘　　要：基于开放式臭氧浓度升高O_3-FACE(Free-Air Concentration Elevation of O_3)实验平台,利用前期水稻O_3-FACE试验的基础数据,通过建立水稻产量与不同评价指标(累积气孔O_3吸收通量PODY和O_3浓度指标AOTX)的响应关系,比较了水稻产量损失与各评价指标的相关性差异,通过对暴露剂量、吸收通量相关参数取值与产量损失的观察和分析结果的比较,找出更为合理的农作物臭氧风险评估阈值。结果表明:随着通量阈值Y[0~11 nmol O_3·m^(-2)PLA·s^(-1)(PLA:projected leaf area,投影叶面积)]和暴露浓度阈值X(0~50 n L·L^(-1))的增加,回归分析R^2值逐渐增加,当Y为11 nmol O_3m^(-2)PLA·s^(-1)和X为50 n L·L^(-1)时,气孔臭氧吸收通量POD11和累积暴露剂量AOT50与水稻相对产量的相关性最大,当通量阈值Y为8~13 nmol O_3·m^(-2)PLA·s^(-1)和暴露阈值X为46~58 n L·L^(-1)时,可获得较高的R^2值取值范围,分别为0.70~0.75和0.70~0.745。参考文献发现,目前地表臭氧污染可能引起的水稻产量损失范围为5%~8%,对照圈中POD9~10和AOT40~45产量损失的预测值亦在这区间,但前者R^2值(0.73~0.74)明显高于后者R^2值(0.64~0.69),表明基于气孔臭氧通量的评价指标能更好地反映水稻产量的变化。通过进一步分析发现,当通量阈值Y为9 nmol O_3·m^(-2)PLA·s^(-1)时,能更准确地评估水稻产量损失,且其R^2值(0.73)高于通量指标POD6(0.57)。以上研究结果表明,通量指标POD9更适合评估亚热带地区O_3污染对水稻作物的影响。Based on previous investigations on a fully open-air ozone（O_3）fumigation experiment（O_3-FACE）, we established dose-response relationships using O_3 dose index AOT40（accumulated [O_3] above 40 n L·L-1）and PODY（phytotoxic O_3 dose, accumulated stomatal flux of O_3 above a threshold of Y nmol·m-2·s-1）, and compared their performance on O_3-induced rice yield loss evaluation. The aim of this study is to find the optimum threshold for exposure-based and flux-based dose-response relationships used for ozone risk assessment on rice. Our result showed that the R～2-value of regression analysis increased with flux threshold Y[0～11 nmol O_3·m-2PLA·s-1（PLA：projected leaf area）]and exposure threshold X（0～50 n L·L-1）increase, respectively. When flux threshold Y was 11 nmol O_3·m-2PLA·s-1and exposure threshold X was 50 n L·L-1, the O_3 dose index POD11 and AOT50 had the strongest correlation with RY（relative yield）of rice, respectively. High R2-value was derived i.e. 0.70～0.75 and 0.70～0.745 when flux threshold Y was within the range of 8～13 nmol O_3·m-2PLA·s-1and exposure threshold X was 46～58 n L·L-1, respectively. Previous studies have indicated that the rice yield loss caused by near-surface ozone pollution may range from 5% to 8%. These results were similar with our estimation on ambient[O_3] treatment using POD9～10and AOT40～45. The higher R2-value 0.73～0.74 with POD9～10compared to that of 0.64～0.69 with AOT40～45 indicated that flux-based assessment may have a superior performance on O_3-induced rice yield loss estimation. Further analysis found that when flux threshold Y=9 nmol O_3·m-2PLA·s-1, assessment of rice yield loss was more accurate, and the R2-value（0.73）was higher than that of POD（60.57）. Our results suggested that POD9 is suitable for evaluating rice yield loss due to O_3 increase in subtropical area.

关 键 词：气孔导度 水稻(Oryza SATIVA L.) 臭氧 通量响应关系 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]